The increasing of beta-defensin-2 level in saliva after probiotic Lactobacillus reuteri administration

Abstract

Background: Commesal bacteria is an excellent inducer for beta defensin-2 (BD-2). Probiotics bacteria Lactobacillus reuteri (L. reuteri) as commensal bacteria may play the same role as an excellent inducer for BD-2. Beta defensin is natural antimicrobial peptides widely expressed in oral cavity, including in epithelium salivary gland. Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) as the main of bacteria causing caries are sensitive to BD-2. Purpose: This research was aimed to determine whether administration of probiotic L. reuteri can increase salivary BD-2 level in Wistar rats. Methods: This research can be considered as a laboratory experimental research with a randomized control group post test only design. Twenty-four male Rattus norvegicus Wistar strain rats aged 3 months were used. They were randomly divided into four groups, namely two control groups (negative control group that was not induced and positive control group induced with S. mutans), and two treatment groups (K1: induced with L. reuteri for 14 days and S. mutans for 7 days, and K2: induced with L. reuteri and S. mutans simultaneously for 14 days). L. reuteri culture at a concentration of 10

Beta-defensins-2 expressions in gingival epithelium cells after probiotic Lactobacillus reuteri induction

“…Commensal bacteria are excellent inducers to BD-2 in epithelial cells of the oral cavity, so it is possible for probiotic bacteria to act as an inducer for BD-2. 9 There are two species of bacteria causing dental caries, namely S. mutans and S. sobrinus, sensitive to BD-2. 10 Thus, it indicates that BD-2 can be used as an alternative material for preventive and therapeutic potential against dental caries.…”

“…Then the tissue was cut into a thickness of 6 μm, and then incubated with primary antibody anti BD-2 (Lab Vision) for 24 hours at a temperature 4 0 C. The tissue sections were incubated with secondary antibody rat monoclonal, anti OPG (Lab Vision), and HRP kid for 24 hours at a temperature 4 0 C. Chromogenics used in this research were 3.3 -diaminobenzidine tetrahydrochloride, and then counterstained with HE. 9 Immunohistochemical staining with indirect method was carried out to show cells expressing BD-2 protein. The cells expressing BD-2 were shown with a brown cytoplasm, and then observed with a light microscope with a magnification of 400 x. Anova test, was performed to determine the differences in BD-2 expressions in the gingival epithelium of each group.…”