The increase of energy confinement by the use of heavy-gas end plugs

Markvoort, J. A.; Hopman, H. J.; Kluiver, H. de

doi:10.1088/0032-1028/20/3/011

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…In this case, instead of the density gradients, the temperature gradient ensures ash removal and fuel supply by diffusion. In contrast to the models in which the ion-ion Nernst effect was not taken into account [5,6,15], the velocities of the various ions in the azimuthal direction do not cancel significantly. Furthermore, it is found that thermo-electric forces due to ion-ion collisions are essential in causing impurities to concentrate at the outside of the plasma column.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 66%

“…Furthermore, it is found that thermo-electric forces due to ion-ion collisions are essential in causing impurities to concentrate at the outside of the plasma column. Consequently, in the present model the density profiles are completely different from those which do not take this effect into account [6,15]. Centrifugal forces (neglected in the analysis) might enhance the accumulation [20][21][22] of the heavy particles (e.g.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…From this it follows that impurities tend to accumulate around the centre of the discharge. Neglecting the radial velocities, this result can be derived analytically [15][16][17].…”

Section: Figl Values Of T a And Nmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The effect of thermo-electric forces on the density profiles in a thermonuclear plasma surrounded by a cold blanket

Markvoort

1979

Nucl. Fusion

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The behaviour of a thermonuclear multicomponent plasma surrounded by a cold plasma blanket is analysed under reactor-like circumstances. The supply of fuel and the removal of α-particles is effected by diffusion. Instead of taking deuterium and tritium as separate particles, the fuel is simulated by a particle of mass 2.5. The energy of fusion α-particles is supposed to be locally transferred to the plasma and carried off to the wall by heat conduction and radiation. – In the resistive multi-fluid equations describing the problem, the thermo-electric forces arising from electron-ion and ion-ion collisions are included. The analysis is done for a cylindrical plasma column in a strong magnetic field. Toroidal effects are not taken into account and collisional transport is assumed. Discharge parameters, allowing for the existence of a cold blanket, i.e. for which the temperature close to the wall can be kept sufficiently low, are found. It is shown that the α-particle density increases with the radius and that there are cases where the density of a further impurity species has a minimum in the centre of the plasma column. To sustain a steady state it is found that the fuel has to be supplied at the plasma edge with radial velocities of the order of centimetres per second (if we assume on axis a pressure of 20–100 atm, a temperature of ≥ 108 K, a relative α-particle concentration of 0.1–0.7, and a magnetic field strength of 1–20 T).

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 66%