The incidence of eating disorders among upper secondary school female students

Abstract

Cel pracyBadania nad rozpowszechnieniem występowania zaburzeń odżywiania nie były często podejmowane w ostatnich latach ani w Polsce, ani w skali świata. Trudno również oszacować rozpowszechnienie tych zaburzeń. Celem pracy była ocena rozpowszechnienia występowania zaburzeń odżywania w grupie polskich uczennic szkół ponadgminazjalnych z uwzględnieniem typu szkoły oraz warunków mieszkaniowychMetodaBadania zaburzeń odżywiania przeprowadzono w okresie 03 – 06 2017 r., wśród uczennic szczecińskich szkół ponadgimnazjalnych. Dobór do badania miał charakter wieloetapowy. Do procesu analitycznego włączono 1750 kwestionariuszy. W procesie badawczym wykorzystano narzędzie służące do przesiewowych badań nad wystąpieniem zaburzeń odżywiania - kwestionariusz Eating Attitudes Test (EAT-26).WynikiObserwowano niższą punktację wśród uczniów starszych klas (EAT 26, EAT dieting) a także tych, którzy nie otrzymywali kieszonkowego (EAT dieting, EAT bulimia) (p<0,05).Wnioski1. Wiek okazał się ważnym czynnikiem prognostycznym dla zaburzeń odżywiania. Ryzyko malało wraz z narastaniem wieku u badanych dziewcząt 2. Szanse na wystąpienie zaburzeń odżywiania były niemal 21-krotnie wyższe wśród dziewcząt uczęszczających do klas 1 i 2

Body Dissatisfaction, Restrictive, and Bulimic Behaviours among Young Women: A Polish–Japanese Comparison

“…Analysis of the source literature confirms the continual increase of the number of people suffering from eating disorders worldwide [1,2]. Epidemiological data confirm the increasing importance of the problem in European countries [3,4], including Poland [5,6], the United States of America [7], Latin America [8], Arab countries [9,10], Africa [11], and Asia [12][13][14][15][16], with the risk of development of eating disorders being especially high in Japan [17]. The Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study from 2015 [18] confirmed the steady increase of eating disorders in women all around the world [19].…”

“…However, some papers provide results indicating the existence of a significant relation between dissatisfaction with body image and excessive pursuit of thinness and restrictive attitudes towards nutrition and the body (unhealthy and inappropriate for one's BMI) evidenced by Japanese women [25,77]. It is worth mentioning that the similar restrictive tendencies and the presence of the correlation between them and body dissatisfaction are also observed in the population of young Polish women [5,78]. On the other hand, recent articles present less data on bulimic tendencies in the population of young Japanese women.…”

“…Results of research conducted on the population of Brazilian and Spanish women emphasized the importance of emotional dysregulation in the development of bulimic and anorexic behaviours towards the nutrition and body [34,41]. The internalization of socio-cultural standards of body image existing in mass media is a universal predictor which explains all three examined factors related to risk of development of an eating disorder in the group of Polish women [5]. On the other hand, Internalization-Global was a predictor of Drive for Thinness and Pressures of socio-cultural standards explained the intensity of Body Dissatisfaction in the Japanese women.…”

Socio-Cultural Standards Promoted by the Mass Media as Predictors of Restrictive and Bulimic Behavior

“…There is a significantly lower frequency of eating disorders in the population of men compared to women (55,56). In addition, factors explaining the incidence of eating disorders mention that the mass media has a larger influence on girls and women, because they show higher level of internalization of cultural standards of body image and physical appearance than men (24,(57)(58)(59). Due to the abovementioned reasons, respondents were divided by gender (similar ages and BMI).…”

Food and Beverage Advertising Aimed at Spanish Children Issued through Mobile Devices: A Study from a Social Marketing and Happiness Management Perspective

“…While recent research on the eating disorder has reported stability in the incidence of anorexia and decreased bulimia [47,48], there is a notable increase in the obesity levels of children under 12. The Ministry of Health and Consumer Affairs has been providing data since 2006 and the World Health Organization (WHO) [49] estimates that child obesity is around 14%, indicating that overweight is over 12% and it also coined in 2001 the term "Globesity" to define the severity of the obesity pandemic in the world.…”