The Incidence and Probable Origin of Melanin in the Prostate

Guillan, Ramon A.; Zelman, Samuel

doi:10.1016/s0022-5347(17)61689-6

Cited by 26 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…The origin of the cells seems to be the neural crest, but the problem actually focuses on the precursor cell from which the blue nevic cell is derived. The first theory hypo thesizes [1,4,5,[8][9][10][12][13][14] that the precursor cells are true mela nocytes entrapped ectopically in the prostate during their migration towards more distal and superficial sites. The other theory suggests a Schwann cell as the origin [ 18,30], The ultrastructural analysis of the tumors shows marked similarities between the melanocytes and the Schwann cells, including incomplete or complete basal cell lamina [31], desmosome-like structures and compound melanosomes, with the only differential feature being the presence or absence of premelanosomes [26,32], The findings of Ghadially [32] and Lovas et al [33] suggest that the melanocytes are the sole type of cell with the capacity of producing premelanosomes, and so the blue nevus would be of melanocytic origin.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Blue Nevus of the Prostate: Report of Two New Cases with Immunohistochemical and Electron-Microscopic Studies

Mc¹,

G²,

Casanova³

1992

Eur Urol

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Blue Nevus of the Prostate: Report of Two New Cases with Immunohistochemical and Electron-Microscopic Studies

Mc¹,

G²,

Casanova³

1992

Eur Urol

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“…This is likely to be the case with prostatic melanin. The theory of a transfer of pigment from melanocytes to epithelial cells, as advocated by Guillan and Zelman [5] for prostatic melanin, is in effect, difficult to support. Guillan and Zelman themselves observed stromal melanocytes in only two of their prostate specimens.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, Goldman [4] found a melanin-like pigment in acinar cells of a hyperplastic prostate surgically removed from a Caucasian patient. Guillan and Zelman [5] carried out a systematic screening for melanin on 330 prostates taken at autopsy. The pigment was found in 13 (4%) of the speciments but unfortunately clinicopathological information was not published.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Melanin‐like pigment in the human prostate

1982

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Twenty surgical specimens of prostate [1 histologically normal, 8 with benign hyperplasia (BPH), and 11 with cancer (PCa)] were examined by histochemical staining methods for the presence of a melanin-like pigment that we first observed in organ culture. Fontana-Masson-positive pigment was observed in epithelial cells of the normal specimen, of five BPH and of eight PCa. The distribution of pigment in BPH was unpredictable and patchy. The pigment was consistently absent in neoplastic epithelia. Silver-positive stromal cells also were observed in a number of the specimens. The epithelial pigment reacted to histochemical stains in part like melanin, in part like lipofuscin. It probably represents an endogenous pigment similar to other types of noncutaneous melanins.

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“…Together, these studies suggest genital exposure to fungi may play an important etiological role in prostate disease, reactive arthritis, and MS. Could the unexplained histological evidence of fungal cells in the CNS ( 110 , 111 , 113 , 117 ) and in the prostate ( 146 , 147 ) be caused by a fungal infection spreading from the genitals after sexual debut? If so, loss of immune tolerance to this putative infection could be a plausible cause of prostate disease, reactive arthritis, uveitis, and MS.…”

Section: Genital Exposure To Fungimentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Fungi in the Etiology of Multiple Sclerosis

Benito‐León

Laurence²

2017

Front. Neurol.

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Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the central nervous system. Infectious triggers of MS are being actively investigated. Substantial evidence supports the involvement of the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), though other viruses, bacteria, protists, and fungi are also being considered. Many links between fungi and diseases involving chronic inflammation have been found recently. Evidence linking MS and fungi is reviewed here. The HLA-DRB1*15 allele group is the most important genetic risk factor of MS, and is a risk factor in several other conditions linked to fungal infections. Many biomarkers of MS are consistent with fungal infections, such as IL-17, chitotriosidase, and antibodies against fungi. Dimethyl fumarate (DMF), first used as an industrial fungicide, was recently repurposed to reduce MS symptoms. Its mechanisms of action in MS have not been firmly established. The low risk of MS during childhood and its moderate association with herpes simplex virus type 2 suggest genital exposure to microbes (including fungi) should be investigated as a possible trigger. Molecular and epidemiological evidence support a role for infections such as EBV in MS. Though fungal infections have not been widely studied in MS, many lines of evidence are consistent with a fungal etiology. Future microbiome and serological studies should consider fungi as a possible risk factor for MS, and future clinical studies should consider the effect of fungicides other than DMF on MS symptoms.

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The Incidence and Probable Origin of Melanin in the Prostate

Cited by 26 publications

References 9 publications

Blue Nevus of the Prostate: Report of Two New Cases with Immunohistochemical and Electron-Microscopic Studies

Blue Nevus of the Prostate: Report of Two New Cases with Immunohistochemical and Electron-Microscopic Studies

Melanin‐like pigment in the human prostate

The Role of Fungi in the Etiology of Multiple Sclerosis

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