The Incidence and Predictors of Renal Artery Stenosis in Multivessel Coronary Artery Disease Patients

Abstract

Background: Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death. Importantly, it remains the foremost cause of preventable death globally.Atherosclerotic renal artery stenosis (ARAS) is the most common primary disease of the renal arteries and it is associated with two major clinical syndromes; ischemic renal disease and hypertension. Objective: To determine the incidence and predictors of renal artery stenosis in the multivessel coronary artery disease patients. Patients and Methods:The study included 100 patients undergone coronary angiography at Matrouh Specialized Cardiac Surgery and Interventional Catheterization Center and proved to have multivessel coronary artery disease during the period from January 2014 to April 2016. They were 74 males and 26 females. Their age ranged between 50-70 years with a mean of 57.28 ± 6.74 years. Results:The study showed that 16 patients (16%) had renal artery stenosis. All patients with renal artery stenosis had unilateral RAS and no patients had bilateral RAS. Significant renal artery stenosis (> 50% diameter stenosis) was found in 10 patients (10%) and nonsignificant RAS was found in 6 patients (6%). The left renal artery was singly involved in 6 patients (6%) and the right renal artery was singly involved in 10 patients (10%). There was no significant relationship between the number of coronary arteries affected and incidence of significant renal artery stenosis. Also there was no significant relationship between the level of serum creatinine and incidence of significant renal artery stenosis. Conclusion: Renal angiography was a reliable method to assess renal artery stenosis and may be more important in hypertensive patients with multivessel coronary artery disease.