The inception of pulsed discharges in air: simulations in background fields above and below breakdown

Sun, Anbang; Teunissen, Jannis; Ebert, Ute

doi:10.1088/0022-3727/47/44/445205

Cited by 39 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…This explanation for the launch of upward streamers contrasts with the models proposed by Qin et al [, ], where upward streamers emerge from the negative tip of a double‐headed streamer. We note that recent work by Sun et al [, ] and Teunissen et al [] shows that it is very unlikely that double‐headed streamers exist in sprites.…”

Section: Modelingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sprite beads and glows arising from the attachment instability in streamer channels

et al. 2016

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The complex dynamics of a sprite discharge are not limited to the propagation of streamers. After the passage of a streamer head, the ionized channel established in its wake develops intricate luminous patterns that evolve on timescales from 1 up to 100 ms. To investigate these patterns, conventionally called beads and glows, we present high‐speed recordings of their onset and decay; our main observation here is that in many cases distant points within a channel decay at the same rate despite considerable differences in the underlying air density. We then show that the properties of beads and glows, including this synchronized decay, are explained by the tendency of electric current within a streamer channel to converge to an uniform value and by an attachment instability of electric discharges in air. However, we also discuss the uncertainty about the chemical reactions that affect the electron density during the sprite decay.

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Section: Modelingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sprite beads and glows arising from the attachment instability in streamer channels

et al. 2016

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“…Negative oxygen ions can also be a source of free electrons, where − O 2 dominates at atmospheric pressure, and the detachment field for electrons from − O 2 is similar to the breakdown field. This is how plasma builds up in regions above the breakdown field [16][17][18] which will be denoted as E c below.…”

Section: Discharge Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanosecond repetitively pulsed discharges in N₂–O₂mixtures: inception cloud and streamer emergence

Chen¹,

Heijmans²,

Zeng³

et al. 2015

J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys.

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We evaluate the nanosecond temporal evolution of tens of thousands of positive discharges in a 16 cm point-plane gap in high purity nitrogen 6.0 and in N 2-O 2 gas mixtures with oxygen contents of 100 ppm, 0.2%, 2% and 20%, for pressures between 66.7 and 200 mbar. The voltage pulses have amplitudes of 20 to 40 kV with rise times of 20 or 60 ns and repetition frequencies of 0.1 to 10 Hz. The discharges first rapidly form a growing cloud around the tip, then they expand much more slowly like a shell and finally after a stagnation stage they can break up into rapid streamers. The radius of cloud and shell in artificial air is about 10% below the theoretically predicted value and scales with pressure p as theoretically expected, while the observed scaling of time scales with p raises questions. We find characteristic dependences on the oxygen content. No cloud and shell stage can be seen in nitrogen 6.0, and streamers emerge immediately. The radius of cloud and shell increases with oxygen concentration. On the other hand, the stagnation time after the shell phase is maximal for the intermediate oxygen concentration of 0.1% and the number of streamers formed is minimal; here the cloud and shell phase seem to be particularly stable against destabilization into streamers.

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“…Currently the studies of formation and propagation of streamer at breakdown of elevated pressure gases are conducted actively [17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25]. The streamer propagation velocity was shown to increase with applied voltage [17][18][19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In pure nitrogen and in argon the streamers can branch and have feather-like structure. In [22] discharge inception in air, in uniform background electric fields above and below the breakdown threshold was investigated. 3D particle simulations included a natural level of background ionization in the form of positive and O 2 − ions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Breakdown features of a high-voltage nanosecond discharge initiated with runaway electrons at subnanosecond voltage pulse rise time

Ломаев¹,

Белоплотов

Тарасенко

et al. 2015

IEEE Trans. Dielect. Electr. Insul.

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In the wide pressure range of the pure nitrogen and sulfur hexafluoride with small admixture of nitrogen (2,5%) the development of the breakdown during the formation of diffuse discharges initiated by runaway electrons and X-Ray was investigated. Nanosecond voltage pulses of both polarities with an amplitude up to ~300 kV and risetime of ~0.5 ns applied across the discharge gap did provide sharply nonuniform electric field distribution. Estimations of average propagation velocity of the ionization wave in the nitrogen and mixture sulfur hexafluoride with nitrogen were performed on the basis of data on dynamics of radiation intensity of the second positive (2 + ) nitrogen system from various regions along of the longitudinal axis of interelectrode gap. Interrelation between the glow dynamics and the local value of the electric field strength has been defined. The results showed that the breakdown is developed in the form of the ionization wave propagating from the potential electrode with the highest concentration of the electric field to the flat-grounded one. In the regions near the grounded electrode practically simultaneous increasing of radiation intensity is registered, that indicates on a possible change of the breakdown mechanism in this part of the discharge gap.Index Terms -Gas discharges, electric breakdown, high-voltage breakdown, ionization wave propagation, spontaneous emission, electric fields.

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The inception of pulsed discharges in air: simulations in background fields above and below breakdown

Cited by 39 publications

References 59 publications

Sprite beads and glows arising from the attachment instability in streamer channels

Sprite beads and glows arising from the attachment instability in streamer channels

Nanosecond repetitively pulsed discharges in N₂–O₂mixtures: inception cloud and streamer emergence

Breakdown features of a high-voltage nanosecond discharge initiated with runaway electrons at subnanosecond voltage pulse rise time

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The inception of pulsed discharges in air: simulations in background fields above and below breakdown

Cited by 39 publications

References 59 publications

Sprite beads and glows arising from the attachment instability in streamer channels

Sprite beads and glows arising from the attachment instability in streamer channels

Nanosecond repetitively pulsed discharges in N2–O2mixtures: inception cloud and streamer emergence

Breakdown features of a high-voltage nanosecond discharge initiated with runaway electrons at subnanosecond voltage pulse rise time

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Nanosecond repetitively pulsed discharges in N₂–O₂mixtures: inception cloud and streamer emergence