The Inactivation of Calcification in vitro

Sobel, Albert E.; Nobel, Sidney; Hanok, Albert

doi:10.3181/00379727-72-17334

Cited by 26 publications

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“…Strontium was suggested to compete with calcium for incorporation in calcium based stones, 22 and strontium and other trace elements were noted in calcium based uroliths. 23,24 In vitro experiments in nanobacteria revealed strontium incorporation in early stone formation, 25 but there has been little research on strontium incorporation into uroliths in in vivo models.…”

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Strontium Substitution for Calcium in Lithogenesis

et al. 2013

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Purpose Strontium has chemical similarity to calcium, which enables the replacement of calcium by strontium in biomineralization processes. Incorporating strontium into human bone and teeth has been studied extensively but little research has been performed of the incorporation of strontium into urinary calculi. We used synchrotron based x-ray fluorescence and x-ray absorption techniques to examine the presence of strontium in different types of human kidney stones. Materials and Methods Multiple unique human stone samples were obtained via consecutive percutaneous nephrolithotomies/ureteroscopies. A portion of each stone was sent for standard laboratory analysis and a portion was retained for x-ray fluorescence and x-ray absorption measurements. X-ray fluorescence and x-ray absorption measurements determined the presence, spatial distribution and speciation of strontium in each stone sample. Results Traditional kidney stone analyses identified calcium oxalate, calcium phosphate, uric acid and cystine stones. X-ray fluorescence measurements identified strontium in all stone types except pure cystine. X-ray fluorescence elemental mapping of the samples revealed co-localization of calcium and strontium. X-ray absorption measurements of the calcium phosphate stone showed strontium predominately present as strontium apatite. Conclusions Advanced x-ray fluorescence imaging identified strontium in all calcium based stones, present as strontium apatite. This finding may be critical since apatite is thought to be the initial nidus for calcium stone formation. Strontium is not identified by standard laboratory stone analyses. Its substitution for calcium can be reliably identified in stones from multiple calcium based stone formers, which may offer opportunities to gain insight into early events in lithogenesis.

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confidence: 99%

Strontium Substitution for Calcium in Lithogenesis

et al. 2013

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“…Cu 2+ ion can compete with Ca 2+ in calcification (Sobel et al 1949 in Wandt and Underhill 1988). Neithercut (1989) and Abu-Farsakh (1997) clearly show that Cu 2+ and Zn 2+ have been present in gall stones in micromolar concentrations and there have been no significant difference in Cu 2+ and Zn 2+ concentration in gall stones.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Concentration effect of trace metals in Jordanian patients of urinary calculi

Abboud

2007

Environ Geochem Health

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Due to the increase in the number of urinary calculi disease cases in Jordan, stone samples were collected from patients from various Jordanian hospitals (Princes Basma (PBH), King Abdullah University (KAUH), Al-Basheer (ABH) and Al-Mafraq (AMH)). This study concentrates on the effect of trace metals in patients of urinary calculi. Trace metals were detected in 110 urinary calculi samples using X-ray fluorescence (XRF) and atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) techniques. Of the calculi examined, 21 were pure calcium oxalate (CaOax), 29 were mixed calcium oxalate/uric acid, 23 were mixed calcium oxalate/phosphate (apatite), 25 were phosphate calculi (apatite/struvite), five were mixed calcium oxalate monohydrate/struvite, four were urate calculi (mixed ammonium acid urate/sodium acid urate) and three were pure cystine calculi. The concentration measurement of Ca and other trace metals levels has been found useful in understanding the mechanism of stone formation and in evaluating pathological factors. It has been found that Ca is the main constituent of the urinary calculi, especially those stones composed of calcium oxalate and calcium phosphate. The concentration of most of the trace metals that were analyzed was (Ca = 48.18, Na = 1.56, K = 0.9, Mg = 3.08, Fe = 1.17, Al = 0.49, Zn = 0.7, Cu = 0.19, Mn = 0.029, P = 10.35, S = 1.88, Sr = 0.306, Mo = 0.2, Cr = 0.146, Co = 0.05, Ni = 0.014)%. In conclusion, metals concentration in Jordanian patient's urinary calculi samples was higher than its equivalents of other patients'. It has been noted that there is no concentration of toxic trace elements (like Li, V, Pb, Cd, and As). Some heavy metals, however, were detected Mo, Cr, Co and Ni as traces. P and S ions are present in few calculi stones as traces.

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“…3,22,24 In prior studies that provide the spatial distribution of strontium, resolution is fivefold lower 26 and strontium speciation is not provided. 26,27 Our evaluation of strontium in urolithiasis highlights the advantages of synchrotron radiation compared with traditional FTIR stone analysis and other methods of elemental mapping.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…21 Although extensive research has been performed on strontium incorporation into bone and strontium handling by the kidney, less research has been done on strontium incorporation in urolithiasis. Strontium was suggested to compete with calcium for incorporation in calcium based stones, 22 and strontium and other trace elements were noted in calcium based uroliths. 23,24 In vitro experiments in nanobacteria revealed strontium incorporation in early stone formation, 25 but there has been little research on strontium incorporation into uroliths in in vivo models.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

2082 Strontium Substitution for Calcium in Lithogenesis

Blaschko¹,

Flechner²,

Snell

et al. 2012

Journal of Urology

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Purpose: Strontium has chemical similarity to calcium, which enables the replacement of calcium by strontium in biomineralization processes. Incorporating strontium into human bone and teeth has been studied extensively but little research has been performed of the incorporation of strontium into urinary calculi. We used synchrotron based x-ray fluorescence and x-ray absorption techniques to examine the presence of strontium in different types of human kidney stones. Materials and Methods: Multiple unique human stone samples were obtained via consecutive percutaneous nephrolithotomies/ureteroscopies. A portion of each stone was sent for standard laboratory analysis and a portion was retained for x-ray fluorescence and x-ray absorption measurements. X-ray fluorescence and x-ray absorption measurements determined the presence, spatial distribution and speciation of strontium in each stone sample. Results: Traditional kidney stone analyses identified calcium oxalate, calcium phosphate, uric acid and cystine stones. X-ray fluorescence measurements identified strontium in all stone types except pure cystine. X-ray fluorescence elemental mapping of the samples revealed co-localization of calcium and strontium. X-ray absorption measurements of the calcium phosphate stone showed strontium predominately present as strontium apatite. Conclusions: Advanced x-ray fluorescence imaging identified strontium in all calcium based stones, present as strontium apatite. This finding may be critical since apatite is thought to be the initial nidus for calcium stone formation. Strontium is not identified by standard laboratory stone analyses. Its substitution for calcium can be reliably identified in stones from multiple calcium based stone formers, which may offer opportunities to gain insight into early events in lithogenesis.

show abstract

The Inactivation of Calcification in vitro

Cited by 26 publications

References 0 publications

Strontium Substitution for Calcium in Lithogenesis

Strontium Substitution for Calcium in Lithogenesis

Concentration effect of trace metals in Jordanian patients of urinary calculi

2082 Strontium Substitution for Calcium in Lithogenesis

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