The in vivo metabolism of Jungle Warfare in greyhounds

Pranata, Andy; Yamada, Sean; Weththasinghe, Sumudu; Caldwell, Karen; Zahra, Paul; Karamatic, Steven; Gardiner, Michael G.; McLeod, Malcolm D.

doi:10.1016/j.steroids.2022.109150

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…After elution, the eluate was washed and dried before injection into the LC-MS. The LODs were measured following the protocol for routine analysis [ 57 ].…”

Section: Steroidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sample Preparation Techniques for Growth-Promoting Agents in Various Mammalian Specimen Preceding MS-Analytics

Klöppner,

Harps,

Parr

2024

Molecules

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The misuse of growth-promoting drugs such as beta-2 agonists and steroids is a known problem in farming and sports competitions. Prior to the analysis of biological samples via liquid chromatography (LC)–mass spectrometry (MS) or gas chromatography (GC)–MS, sufficient sample preparation is required to reliably identify or determine the residues of drugs. In practice, broad screening methods are often used to save time and analyze as many compounds as possible. This review was conceptualized to analyze the literature from 2018 until October 2023 for sample preparation procedures applied to animal specimens before LC- or GC-MS analysis. The animals were either used in farming or sports. In the present review, solid phase extraction (SPE) was observed as the dominant sample clean-up technique for beta-2 agonists and steroids, followed by protein precipitation. For the extraction of beta-2 agonists, mixed-mode cation exchanger-based SPE phases were preferably applied, while for the steroids, various types of SPE materials were reported. Furthermore, dispersive SPE-based QuEChERs were utilized. Combinatory use of SPE and liquid–liquid extraction (LLE) was observed to cover further drug classes in addition to beta-2 agonists in broader screening methods.

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“…After elution, the eluate was washed and dried before injection into the LC-MS. The LODs were measured following the protocol for routine analysis [ 57 ].…”

Section: Steroidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… C18 (100 mm × 3.0 mm, 2.7 µm) n.a. 0.6 0.1% FA in water MeOH [ 57 ] LC APCI Q-Trap MRM C18 (100 mm × 2.1 mm, 1.7 µm) 60 0.4 0.1% FA in water 0.1% FA in MeOH [ 51 ] …”

Section: Table A1mentioning

confidence: 99%