The in vivo function of mammalian cell and tissue polarity regulators – how to shape and maintain the epidermal barrier

Niessen, Michaela; Iden, Sandra; Niessen, Carien

doi:10.1242/jcs.092890

Cited by 30 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 92 publications

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“…Coordinated cell polarity is crucial in forming and shaping tissues (Bryant and Mostov, 2008;Niessen et al, 2012). When embedded in a laminin-rich matrix, a single Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cell gives rise to a cyst-like monolayer of epithelial cells surrounding a central lumen (McAteer et al, 1988).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An active role for basement membrane assembly and modification in tissue sculpting

Morrissey

Sherwood

2015

Journal of Cell Science

119

105

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Basement membranes are a dense, sheet-like form of extracellular matrix (ECM) that underlie epithelia and endothelia, and surround muscle, fat and Schwann cells. Basement membranes separate tissues and protect them from mechanical stress. Although traditionally thought of as a static support structure, a growing body of evidence suggests that dynamic basement membrane deposition and modification instructs coordinated cellular behaviors and acts mechanically to sculpt tissues. In this Commentary, we highlight recent studies that support the idea that far from being a passive matrix, basement membranes play formative roles in shaping tissues.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An active role for basement membrane assembly and modification in tissue sculpting

Morrissey

Sherwood

2015

Journal of Cell Science

119

105

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“…Other than basement-membrane-associated proteins in basal keratinocytes or tight junction components in upper stratified keratinocytes, asymmetrically distributed apical basal polarity markers have yet to be defined in the epidermis (Niessen et al, 2012). Better described is the redistribution of proteins involved in the assembly and disassembly of focal adhesions during the acquisition of front-to-rear polarity in cultured single cells (Hamill et al, 2009;Ho and Dagnino, 2012b).…”

Section: Slco1b3 Expression Is Regulated By Type VII Collagenmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(Munro, 2006;Goldstein and Macara, 2007), the CrumbsStardust-PATJ complex and the Scribble-Lgl-Dlg complex (Martin-Belmonte and Mostov, 2008;Martín-Belmonte et al, 2008). However, the role of these protein complexes in maintenance of stratified epithelia polarity is not clear (Muroyama and Lechler, 2012;Niessen et al, 2012) and recent work has shown that the engulfment and cell motility protein ELMO2 positively regulates front-to-rear keratinocyte polarity by forming complexes with ILK in the presence of EGF (Ho et al, 2009;Ho and Dagnino, 2012a;Ho and Dagnino, 2012b). The data presented here identify for the first time a link between ELMO2 and type VII collagen, demonstrating that, like ELMO2, type VII collagen can regulate front-to-rear polarity (Fig.…”

Section: Uv-induced Csccmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…E-cadherin and b-catenin have described roles in numerous polarity pathways: APC (den Elzen et al, 2009), SCRIB (Navarro et al, 2005), PAR3 (Le Borgne et al, 2002) and Hippo (Kim et al, 2011); all of which are characterised by a downregulation in cancer progression (Muroyama and Lechler, 2012;Niessen et al, 2012). Our data showing that type VII collagen regulates the expression of membrane-bound E-cadherin in 3D spheroid culture is in agreement with a previous study of siRNA depletion of COL7A1 cSCC showing reduced E-cadherin in 3D organotypic culture (Martins et al, 2009).…”

Section: Uv-induced Csccmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Type VII collagen regulates tumour expression of organic anion transporting polypeptide OATP1B3, promotes front to rear polarity and increases structural organisation in 3D spheroid cultures of recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa tumour keratinocytes

Dayal

Cole

Pourreyron

et al. 2013

Journal of Cell Science

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Type VII collagen is the main component of anchoring fibrils, structures that are integral to basement membrane homeostasis in skin. Mutations in the gene encoding type VII collagen COL7A1 cause recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa (RDEB) an inherited skin blistering condition complicated by frequent aggressive cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC). OATP1B3, which is encoded by the gene SLCO1B3, is a member of the OATP (organic anion transporting polypeptide) superfamily responsible for transporting a wide range of endogenous and xenobiotic compounds. OATP1B3 expression is limited to the liver in healthy tissues, but is frequently detected in multiple cancer types and is reported to be associated with differing clinical outcome. The mechanism and functional significance of tumour-specific expression of OATP1B3 has yet to be determined. Here, we identify SLCO1B3 expression in tumour keratinocytes isolated from RDEB and UV-induced cSCC and demonstrate that SLCO1B3 expression and promoter activity are modulated by type VII collagen. We show that reduction of SLCO1B3 expression upon expression of full-length type VII collagen in RDEB cSCC coincides with acquisition of front-to-rear polarity and increased organisation of 3D spheroid cultures. In addition, we show that type VII collagen positively regulates the abundance of markers implicated in cellular polarity, namely ELMO2, PAR3, E-cadherin, B-catenin, ITGA6 and Ln332.

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“…More recently, subtle interactions between microbes and these epithelial surfaces have been shown to determine local immune reactions and disease. The barriers consists of three parts: an extensive epithelial cell surface exposed to the environment, a basement membrane that, together with various cell-junction structures, provides an extra level of separation, and a highly reactive lymphoid tissue underneath composed of antigen-presenting cells [1][2][3][4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hematopoietic plakophilin‐3 regulates acute tissue‐specific and systemic inflammation in mice

et al. 2015

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Plakophilin-3 (PKP3) is a member of the armadillo protein family, which is important inKeywords: Acute inflammation r Colitis r Dermatitis r Hematopoietic cell r Intestine r Plakophilin-3 r Sepsis r SkinAdditional supporting information may be found in the online version of this article at the publisher's web-site IntroductionThe interaction of the organism with its environment requires the presence of a specialized "danger sensing" system. This protective system operates mostly at the surfaces between the outer and inner environments of the body, such as the skin, intestinal tract, and respiratory tract. From a classical point of view, the epithelial Correspondence: Mrs. Roosmarijn E. Vandenbroucke e-mail: Roosmarijn.Vandenbroucke@irc.VIB-UGent.be surfaces at these locations form a physical barrier that is impermeable to most infectious agents and thereby provide a first line of defense. More recently, subtle interactions between microbes and these epithelial surfaces have been shown to determine local immune reactions and disease. The barriers consists of three parts: an extensive epithelial cell surface exposed to the environment, a basement membrane that, together with various cell-junction structures, provides an extra level of separation, and a highly reactive lymphoid tissue underneath composed of antigen-presenting cells [1][2][3][4].C 2015 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim www.eji-journal.eu Eur. J. Immunol. 2015. 45: 2898-2910 Innate immunity 2899Several inflammatory conditions, such as skin inflammation, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and the systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS), are associated with disruption of the respective epithelial barriers. The skin is the largest organ of the body and is continuously exposed to microorganisms, ultraviolet radiation, toxic agents, and mechanical stress. Skin inflammation can be mimicked in the mouse by topical application of a single dose of 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate, also known as phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA). This induces an acute inflammatory reaction called irritant contact dermatitis (ICD) consisting of erythema, edema, and polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMN) infiltration [5]. Skin inflammation is accompanied by epidermal barrier disruption because tight junctions between keratinocytes are disrupted and cytokines induce apoptosis or necrosis of keratinocytes [6]. Disruption of the epithelial barrier is also a key feature of IBD [7,8]. The intestinal barrier defects activate the underlying immune system, resulting in tissue damage. The dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) model of colitis correlates well with human IBD and is deemed suitable for investigating its pathogenesis [9]. SIRS is a lethal inflammatory disease caused by trauma, burns, infections, and other insults [10]. When SIRS is associated with hypotension, it is known as sepsis or septic shock. Several mouse models of sepsis are known [10]. The endotoxemia model involves the injection of bacterial lipopolysaccharides (LPS), which binds to the pathogen-recognition...

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The in vivo function of mammalian cell and tissue polarity regulators – how to shape and maintain the epidermal barrier

Cited by 30 publications

References 92 publications

An active role for basement membrane assembly and modification in tissue sculpting

An active role for basement membrane assembly and modification in tissue sculpting

Type VII collagen regulates tumour expression of organic anion transporting polypeptide OATP1B3, promotes front to rear polarity and increases structural organisation in 3D spheroid cultures of recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa tumour keratinocytes

Hematopoietic plakophilin‐3 regulates acute tissue‐specific and systemic inflammation in mice

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