The in vitro cytotoxic and apoptotic activity of Triphala—an Indian herbal drug

Kaur, Swayamjot; Michael, Husheem; Arora, Saroj; Härkönen, Pirkko; Kumar, Subodh

doi:10.1016/j.jep.2004.09.050

Cited by 120 publications

(87 citation statements)

References 14 publications

(13 reference statements)

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“…Plant derived polyphenols, including tannins and gallic acid, were reported to be the main constituents in P. emblica and T. bellerica [13,30] . Marienfeld et al [31] reported that tannic acid (TA) could inhibit the malignant cholangiocyte growth both in vitro and in vivo and also enhance sensitivity of Mz-ChA-1 cholangiocarcinoma cells to camptothecin cytotoxicity which might involve an effect on xenobiotic metabolism.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It might be possible that T. bellerica and P. emblica extracts could induce ROS in the induction of apoptosis. Apart from the effect of tannic acid, the cytotoxic effect and apoptosis induction of gallic acid in several cancer cell lines have been reported [13,34,35] . It was demonstrated that the effect of gallic acid on cancer cell line particularly lung cancer cells involved caspase activation and oxidative processes [35] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This plant exhibits several pharmacological effects including anti-bacterial, anti-malarial, anti-fungal, anti-HIV, anti-oxidant, and anti-mutagenic effects [9][10][11][12] . T. bellerica extract exhibited anti-proliferative effects in several cancer cell lines including Shiongi 115, breast cancer MCF-7, prostate cancer PC-3 and DU-145 cells [13] . Phytochemical studies have shown that T. bellerica contains a variety of chemical components, including gallic acid [14,15] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Synergistic growth inhibitory effects of Phyllanthus emblica and Terminalia bellerica extracts with conventional cytotoxic agents: Doxorubicin and cisplatin against human hepatocellular carcinoma and lung cancer cells

Pinmai

Chunlaratthanabhorn²,

Ngamkitidechakul³

et al. 2008

WJG

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AIM:To examine the growth inhibitory effects of Phyllanthus emblica (P. emblica ) and Terminalia bellerica (T. bellerica ) extracts on human hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2), and lung carcinoma (A549) cells and their synergistic effect with doxorubicin or cisplatin. METHODS:HepG2 and A549 cells were treated with P. emblica and T. bellerica extracts either alone or in combination with doxorubicin or cisplatin and effects on cell growth were determined using the sulforhodamine B (SRB) assay. The isobologram and combination index (CI) method of Chou-Talalay were used to evaluate interactions between plant extracts and drugs. R E S U LT S : P. e m b l i c a a n d T. b e l l e r i c a e x t r a c t s demonstrated growth inhibitory activity, with a certain degree of selectivity against the two cancer cell lines tested. Synergistic effects (CI < 1) for P. emblica / doxorubicin or cisplatin at different dose levels were demonstrated in A549 and HepG2 cells. The T. bellerica / cisplatin or doxorubicin also showed synergistic effects in A549 and HepG2 cells. In some instances, the combinations resulted in antagonistic effects. The dose reduction level was different and specific to each combination and cell line. CONCLUSION:The growth inhibitory activity of doxorubicin or cisplatin, as a single agent, may be modified by combinations of P. emblica or T. bellerica extracts and be synergistically enhanced in some cases. Depending on the combination ratio, the doses for each drug for a given degree of effect in the combination may be reduced. The mechanisms involved in this interaction between chemotherapeutic drugs and plant extracts remain unclear and should be further evaluated.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Synergistic growth inhibitory effects of Phyllanthus emblica and Terminalia bellerica extracts with conventional cytotoxic agents: Doxorubicin and cisplatin against human hepatocellular carcinoma and lung cancer cells

Pinmai

Chunlaratthanabhorn²,

Ngamkitidechakul³

et al. 2008

WJG

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“…EO is valued for its unique tannins and flavanoids, which exhibit very powerful antioxidant properties. [28] The suppression of the growth of cancer cells due to the gallic acid-a major polyphenol as observed in "Triphala" have been reported. [29] Ethanolic extract of EO was experimentally evaluated for protection against genotoxicity induced by DMBA.…”

Section: Geographical Distributionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review on Phytochemical, Pharmacological and Potential Therapeutic Uses of Phyllanthus Emblica

Mandal¹

2017

WJPR

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Amla has a hallowed position in Ayurveda-an Indian indigenous system of medicine. According to belief in Indian mythology, Amla is the first tree to be created in the universe; which belongs to the family of Euphorbiaceae and is also known as Phyllanthus emblica or Indian gooseberry. Amla is native to India and also grows in tropical and subtropical regions of Pakistan, Uzbekistan, Sri Lanka, South East Asia, China and Malaysia.[1] The fruits of Amla are widely used in the Ayurvedic preparation and are believed to increase defence against diseases. It has a beneficial role in degenerative diseases like cancer, diabetes, liver treatment, ulcer, anaemia, heart trouble1 and also is an important constituent in hepatoprotective formulas available.[2]

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“…Triphala shows immunomodulatory properties and helps in improving the body's defense system (Srikumar et al, 2005). In recent years there are also several reports in the literature which suggest that Triphala possesses antimutagentic, and radio protecting activity (Kaur et al, 2005(Kaur et al, , 2002Vani et al, 1997;Jagetia et al, 2002Jagetia et al, , 2004aArora et al, 2003;Kumar et al, 1996;Naik et al, 2005). Triphala has been reported to be a rich source of Vitamin C, ellagic acid, gallic acid, chebulinic acid, bellericanin, β-sitosterol and flavanoids (Jagetia et al, 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro and in vivo protective action of ethanolic extract of Triphala on LDL against glycation-oxidation

Deepa¹,

Gurumurthy²,

Borra³

et al. 2014

Afr. J. Pharm. Pharmacol.

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The modified low-density lipoprotein (LDL; glycated and oxidized) is more atherogenic and are poorly recognized by LDL receptor. In the present study, an attempt has been made to evaluate the effects of Triphala on LDL modification in experimentally treated rats and in human LDL. The effect of ethanolic extract of Triphala on LDL oxidation susceptibility in high fat diet fed and STZ induced rats was evaluated .The inhibitory effect of Triphala on LDL oxidation and glycation was investigated using copper and glucose induced human LDL, respectively in vitro. The co-presence of Triphala extract significantly increased lag phase and minimized the conjugated dienes formation in dose dependent manner. Copper mediated LDL oxidation was characterized by elevated indices of thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS), whereas co-presence of Triphala extract significantly minimized the production of TBARS. The results of this investigation shows that Triphala probably with their antioxidant properties inhibited LDL glycation and oxidation and provide scientific reasons regarding the possible medical benefits of using Triphala to prevent diabetic and cardiovascular complications.

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The in vitro cytotoxic and apoptotic activity of Triphala—an Indian herbal drug

Cited by 120 publications

References 14 publications

Synergistic growth inhibitory effects of Phyllanthus emblica and Terminalia bellerica extracts with conventional cytotoxic agents: Doxorubicin and cisplatin against human hepatocellular carcinoma and lung cancer cells

Synergistic growth inhibitory effects of Phyllanthus emblica and Terminalia bellerica extracts with conventional cytotoxic agents: Doxorubicin and cisplatin against human hepatocellular carcinoma and lung cancer cells

A Review on Phytochemical, Pharmacological and Potential Therapeutic Uses of Phyllanthus Emblica

In vitro and in vivo protective action of ethanolic extract of Triphala on LDL against glycation-oxidation

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