The in vitro absorption of microfine zinc oxide and titanium dioxide through porcine skin

Gamer, Armin; Leibold, Edgar; Ravenzwaay, B. van

doi:10.1016/j.tiv.2005.08.008

Cited by 310 publications

(221 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Therefore, nano-TiO2 is suspected to pass through it. Several authors have studied the possible penetration of nano-TiO2 into the skin, using both naked and coated titania samples (Bennat and Muller-Goymann, 2000;Dussert et al, 1997;Gamer et al, 2006;Pflucker et al, 2001 andSchulz et al, 2002). Generally TiO2, also nanometric, does not penetrate the skin nor the underlying living tissue, remaining on the skin surface or only impregnating the first layers of SC.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of surface charge and photo-reactivity on skin-permeation enhancer property of nano-TiO2 in ex vivo pig skin model under indoor light

Peira

Turci

Corazzari

et al. 2014

International Journal of Pharmaceutics

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Several topical products contain nanometric TiO2 (nano-TiO2), which is an useful and safe component that absorbs UV light and does not cross skin barrier. However nano-TiO2 may impregnate the first layer of the skin (stratum corneum, SC) and generate free radicals, even under low UV irradiation. These properties, largely dependent on TiO2 surface chemistry, may modulate the transdermal drug permeation. To investigate how TiO2 surface properties affect drug permeation, Amphotericin in two different media, in the presence of three differently coated samples, was applied on skin and the flux measured. The naked, but not the coated, nano-TiO2 showed enhancer property, with a fourfold increase of the drug flux. Only the positively-charged naked TiO2 strongly adhered to and altered the SC structure. The oxidative potential towards formate anion and linoleic acid was assessed and a molecular mechanism to elucidate increased skin permeability proposed.To enhance the drug permeation, both a surface charge-driven adhesion and an oxidative disorganization of the SC lipids are required. By modulating TiO2 surface charge (coating) and its oxidative potential (crystalline phase), the enhancer effect of nano-TiO2 may be tuned and turned up or down when transdermal penetration of drug has to be favored or impaired.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of surface charge and photo-reactivity on skin-permeation enhancer property of nano-TiO2 in ex vivo pig skin model under indoor light

Peira

Turci

Corazzari

et al. 2014

International Journal of Pharmaceutics

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“…In mammalian models, routes of exposure examined include inhalation [7][8][9][10][11][12], oral administration (TiO 2 NPs) [13] and adsorption via the skin (microfine ZnO and TiO 2 ) [14]. Where toxicity has been demonstrated, a common finding has been the incidence of an inflammatory response [7,10,[15][16][17][18][19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioavailability of Nanoscale Metal Oxides TiO₂, CeO₂, and ZnO to Fish

Johnston

Scown

Moger

et al. 2010

Environ. Sci. Technol.

258

128

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Nanoparticles (NPs) are reported to be a potential environmental health hazard. For organisms living in the aquatic environment there is much uncertainty on exposure because of a fundamental lack of understanding and data regarding the fate, behavior and bioavailability of the nanomaterials in the water column. This paper reports on a series of integrative biological and physicochemical studies on the uptake of unmodified commercial nanoscale metal oxides, zinc oxide (ZnO), cerium dioxide (CeO 2 ), and titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) from the water and diet to determine their potential ecotoxicological impacts on fish as a function of concentration. Particle characterizations were performed and tissue concentrations measured using a wide range of analytical methods. Definitive uptake from the water column and localization of TiO 2 NPs in gills was demonstrated for the first time using coherent anti-Stokes Raman Scattering (CARS) microscopy. Zinc concentrations in zebrafish, and titanium in trout did not differ in exposed fish, compared with controls. Significant uptake of cerium occurred in the liver of zebrafish exposed via the water and ionic titanium in the gut of trout exposed via the diet. For the aqueous exposures undertaken, formation of large NP aggregates (up to 3µm) occurred and it is likely that this resulted in limited bioavailability of the unmodified metal oxide NPs in fish.3

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“…However, overly small particles have a major shortcoming in that they may enter the pores of the skin [3]. Generally, sub-micrometer sized pigments are used.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Instead, soft materials are required for use as white facial pigments. In addition, one report found that micro fine oxides are absorbed through the skin [3]. Therefore, novel white pigments that are not absorbed by the skin and do not exhibit photocatalytic activity should be developed to protect the skin.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of mechanical treatment on the powder properties of zinc phosphate white pigments

Onoda

Haruki

2015

J Adv Ceram

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Abstract:Zinc oxide, which has photocatalytic activity, is used as a white pigment for cosmetics, resulting in a certain amount of sebum on the skin to be decomposed by the ultraviolet radiation in the sunlight. In this work, zinc phosphates as novel white pigments for use in cosmetics were prepared from zinc nitrate and sodium dihydrogen phosphate, and then ball-milled under various conditions. The chemical composition, powder properties, photocatalytic activity, color phase, moisture retention, and smoothness of the zinc phosphates were studied. The zinc phosphate particle size was decreased by mechanical treatment. In particular, the sample treated with sodium lactate solution had much smaller particles. The milled zinc phosphates exhibited less photocatalytic activity than zinc oxide, and thus should not decompose sebum on the skin. The milled zinc phosphates showed sufficiently high reflectance within the range of visible light to act as novel white pigments. The sample treated with sodium lactate solution had higher water retention than the sample treated with water. Further, the slip resistance and roughness of the powder particles decreased as a result of treatment with sodium lactate solution.

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The in vitro absorption of microfine zinc oxide and titanium dioxide through porcine skin

Cited by 310 publications

References 11 publications

The influence of surface charge and photo-reactivity on skin-permeation enhancer property of nano-TiO2 in ex vivo pig skin model under indoor light

The influence of surface charge and photo-reactivity on skin-permeation enhancer property of nano-TiO2 in ex vivo pig skin model under indoor light

Bioavailability of Nanoscale Metal Oxides TiO₂, CeO₂, and ZnO to Fish

Effect of mechanical treatment on the powder properties of zinc phosphate white pigments

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The in vitro absorption of microfine zinc oxide and titanium dioxide through porcine skin

Cited by 310 publications

References 11 publications

The influence of surface charge and photo-reactivity on skin-permeation enhancer property of nano-TiO2 in ex vivo pig skin model under indoor light

The influence of surface charge and photo-reactivity on skin-permeation enhancer property of nano-TiO2 in ex vivo pig skin model under indoor light

Bioavailability of Nanoscale Metal Oxides TiO2, CeO2, and ZnO to Fish

Effect of mechanical treatment on the powder properties of zinc phosphate white pigments

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Product

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Bioavailability of Nanoscale Metal Oxides TiO₂, CeO₂, and ZnO to Fish