The Importation of Roof Tiles from Sinope and Heraklea Pontica to the Western Black Sea Area

Stoyanova, Daniela

doi:10.1163/157005711x560444

Anc Civiliz Scythia Sib

2010

DOI: 10.1163/157005711x560444

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The Importation of Roof Tiles from Sinope and Heraklea Pontica to the Western Black Sea Area

Daniela Stoyanova¹

Abstract: Based on new evidence, observations are offered on the importation of roof tiles from Sinope and Heraklea Pontica to the west Pontic poleis and the Thracian interior. The data indicate that the roof tiles of both Sinope and Heraklea were distributed mostly in the 4 th century BC. Despite the intensive importation of products in Sinopean amphorae in later periods, there were no imports of roof tiles. The insignificant volume of the imports is still more remarkable bearing in mind the evidence of the widespread … Show more

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Cited by 3 publications

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Architectural Terracotta From Olbia According to Excavations of the 1920-ies

Buiskikh

2021

Archaeology

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The article is devoted to the introduction into scientific circulation of a collection of terracotta architectural details from the excavations of the Upper City of Olbia in the second half of the 1920-ies. Archaeological research was conducted by the Scientific Council of the All-Ukrainian Academy of Sciences according to the plan proposed by B. V. Farmakovskyi after the resumption of excavations in Olbia in 1924. Two of the details, fragments of polychrome simas of the Late Archaic period, most likely were related to the cult monumental structures of the Western Temenos and were found in the layer of its destruction. The remaining details were found during excavations of residential houses in the central (excavation sites A, H, D) and north-eastern part of the city (excavation site I). These are fragments of eaves tiles, the facades of which are decorated with embossed ornaments of two variants — Ionian cyma with pearls and meander, in the metopes of which are placed letters or four- and eight-petalled palmettes. The tile category includes a pentagonal antefix with a relief image of an Athena mask in a helmet and half lotus flowers on the sides. Fragments of gutters (simas) — a facade with a Satire mask and a water-supply decorated in the shape of a lion’s head with an open mouth were also found. Ceramic architectural details, which served as decoration and were an integral part of the roof of residential buildings, became widespread in Olbia in the second half of the IV—III c. BC. Such details are also known in almost all ancient centers of the Western Black Sea coast. Modern ceramic studies of similar architectural terracotta from Messambria and Apollonia Pontica have determined its local production. The obtained data allowed correcting not only the information on handicraft production in Olbia, as such a tile is traditionally, after the opinion of I. B. Brashynskyi, belonged to the local ceramic production, but also to offer a new direction of the Black Sea trade in ceramic building materials. Another important area for Olbia was the tiles import from Sinop.

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Architectural Terracotta From Olbia According to Excavations of the 1920-ies

Buiskikh

2021

Archaeology

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On the Ceramic Imports from Sinope at Olbia Pontica (on the Example of Architectural Terracottas)

Buiskikh¹,

Puklina²,

Shevchenko³

2023

Arheologia

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In the paper architectural terracottas — facade elements of building ceramics, which were imported to Olbia from Sinope for the decorative design of the roofs of public and, presumably, residential buildings, are studied. In the Olbian collection, fragments from various structurally-different parts are selected. These are frontal antefixes in the shape of multi-pelated palmettes and gorgoneions, as well as simas with ovolos and meander motifs and zoomorphic downspouts in the shape of lion protomes. It has been established that the time of the maximum spread of the Sinopean import of construction ceramics in Olbia was in the Late Classical — Early Hellenistic period. Usually, the import of such parts did not extend to the 3rd century BC, although the duration of their usage, along with tiles, was longer, which is recorded by finds. The absolute majority of Sinopean architectural terracotta finds come from the territory of the Upper City and are probably related to public buildings. Olbia, along with Istria and Bosporan centres, especially Panticapaeum and Nymphaion, was an active consumer of these products. Olbia still lacks evidence of its own production of architectural terracottas, although the tile production imitating Sinopean types is known. This distinguishes Olbia from other centres of the Northern Black Sea region, in particular Chersonesos and Panticapaeum, which are known for their own manufacturing of such products, inspired by Sinope. A significant amount of tile decor of Sinopean origin confirms the importance of the Olbian market in the trade of ceramic building materials with this South Pontic centre.

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Un groupe de timbres amphoriques méconnus : les timbres de Myrsileia. II. Le toponyme Myrsileia et l’onomastique de ses fabricants

Dana¹

2018

Revue Archéologique

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Cette seconde notice sur un centre mineur de production amphorique qu’il convient désormais d’appeler « timbres amphoriques de Myrsileia » propose de localiser ce groupe au sud de la mer Noire, dans la sphère d’influence sinopéenne. Le toponyme Myrsileia est très probablement présent, sous une forme corrompue, dans le périple anonyme du Pont-Euxin (« Marsylla », avec un second nom Kallistratia), étant situé immédiatement à l’est du cap Karambis. La localisation est confortée par l’analyse de l’onomastique des sept fabricants connus à ce jour (après la révision critique du timbrage), dont six portent des noms indigènes, plus précisément paphlagoniens. Parmi eux, le nom le plus étonnant est Tibarax, dont les deux autres occurrences à Sinope sont restées cachées sous des lectures approximatives.

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The Importation of Roof Tiles from Sinope and Heraklea Pontica to the Western Black Sea Area

Cited by 3 publications

References 1 publication

Architectural Terracotta From Olbia According to Excavations of the 1920-ies

Architectural Terracotta From Olbia According to Excavations of the 1920-ies

On the Ceramic Imports from Sinope at Olbia Pontica (on the Example of Architectural Terracottas)

Un groupe de timbres amphoriques méconnus : les timbres de Myrsileia. II. Le toponyme Myrsileia et l’onomastique de ses fabricants

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