The Importance of the Enteric Nervous System for the Bile-Salt-Induced Secretion in the Small Intestine of the Rat

Karlström, Lars; Cassuto, Jean; Jodal, Mats; Lundgren, Ove

doi:10.3109/00365528309181570

Cited by 53 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…However, at high BA concentrations epithelial lesions may occur. This effect is to a large extent indirect, induced by intramural reflexes containing nicotinic receptors, but probably it does not involve histamine or nitric oxide pathways [97,103,104] . However, this question is controversial, because in some cases histamine has been suggested to be involved [98] .…”

Section: Effect Of Ba On Ion Transportmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the small intestine BAs elicit serotonin release by enterochromaffin cells in the mucosa by a Ca 2+ -dependent mechanism, initiating a neural reflex that stimulates ion secretion, as well as inhibited absorption [105] . In ileal perfusion experiments permeability and fluid transport were studied in parallel, finding that the effect is dependent on nicotinic receptors in both cases [97,103] . On the other hand, in the colon BA-induced secretion has been claimed to be prostaglandin dependent [106] .…”

Section: Effect Of Ba On Ion Transportmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Intestinal bile acid physiology and pathophysiology

Martínez‐Augustin¹,

Medina²

2008

WJG

135

114

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Bile acids (BAs) have a long established role in fat digestion in the intestine by acting as tensioactives, due to their amphipathic characteristics. BAs are reabsorbed very efficiently by the intestinal epithelium and recycled back to the liver via transport mechanisms that have been largely elucidated. The transport and synthesis of BAs are tightly regulated in part by specific plasma membrane receptors and nuclear receptors. In addition to their primary effect, BAs have been claimed to play a role in gastrointestinal cancer, intestinal inflammation and intestinal ionic transport. BAs are not equivalent in any of these biological activities, and structural requirements have been generally identified. In particular, some BAs may be useful for cancer chemoprevention and perhaps in inflammatory bowel disease, although further research is necessary in this field. This review covers the most recent developments in these aspects of BA intestinal biology.

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Section: Effect Of Ba On Ion Transportmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Effect Of Ba On Ion Transportmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intestinal bile acid physiology and pathophysiology

Martínez‐Augustin¹,

Medina²

2008

WJG

135

114

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“…Involvement of the enteric nervous reflex in the fluid secretion induced by intraluminal chemical stimuli, such as bacterial toxins (Cassuto, Siewert, Jodal & Lundgren, 1983;Eklund, Jodal & Lundgren, 1985), glucose (Sjovall, 1984) and bile acids (Karlstrom, Cassuto, Jodal & Lundgren, 1983, has been demonstrated in the small intestine. Although the colonic mucosal surface is exposed to various products of microbial fermentation (Wrong, Edmonds & Chadwick, 1981), the effect of such products as luminal chemical stimuli on colonic electrolyte transport is still unclear.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Luminal propionate‐induced secretory response in the rat distal colon in vitro.

Yajima

1988

The Journal of Physiology

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SUMMARY1. The stimulatory action of propionate on colonic electrolyte transport and involvement of the enteric reflex in this was studied in vitro using an Ussing chamber in the rat. The short-circuit current (I.,) and bidirectional fluxes of Na+ and Cl-were measured. Mucosa-submucosa preparations, containing the submucosal nerve, from the distal colon were used in most cases.2. Mucosal application of propionate caused transient increases in the transmural potential difference, with the mucosal side negative, ISc and conductance. Serosal application of the acid had no effect.3. Adaptation of the ISC response occurred when the acid was applied to the bathing solution cumulatively without washing out the first dose. If tissues were washed and held more than 20 min before the next application, the response was almost completely restored.4. The increase in IS. in response to propionate was concentration dependent, with a 50% effective concentration of approximately 7 x 10-5 M.5. Two other short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), n-butyrate and n-valerate, but not acetate, increased ISC when added to the mucosal bathing solution.6. Bumetanide (3 x 10-5 M) and the serosal chloride-free condition, but not amiloride (10-M), inhibited the responses of ISC to propionate. Propionatestimulated Cl-secretion resulted mainly from an increase in unidirectional serosalto-mucosal C1-movement. Propionate did not affect the Na+ flux.7. Tetrodotoxin (10-7 M), somatostatin (10-7 M) and hexamethonium (10-4 M) inhibited the propionate-evoked increase in ISC by 40, 70 and 30°%, respectively.8. Atropine (10-5 M) also inhibited the I,,-increase response to propionate more than 90 %.9. Pre-treatment (2 min) of the mucosal surface with procaine (5 x 10-M)inhibited the propionate-evoked increase in IS. by 90°%.10. The results suggest that luminal propionate transiently stimulated the colonic chloride secretory response that is not due to direct action on colonocytes, but due in large part to release of acetylcholine at neuro-colonocyte junctions, probably via an enteric reflex involving a mucosal sensory mechanism, cholinergic motor nerves and submucosal ganglia.

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“…These include direct mucosal injury (7,12); enhancement of mucosal permeability (7,16,17); and stimulation of cAMP production ( 16,18,19), mucosal prostaglandin synthesis (20,21), calcium influx and calcium release from intracellular stores in epithelial cells (22)(23)(24), and local neural enteric reflexes (25). A secretory effect of conjugated bile acids when applied mucosally is observed only in association with an increase in permeability (26,27), suggesting that enhancement of mucosal permeability may be necessary to permit access for these large, charged molecules to the basolateral membrane and/or to the subepithelium, where they then can exert their secretory effect.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mast cells and histamine contribute to bile acid-stimulated secretion in the mouse colon.

Gelbmann¹,

Schteingart²,

Thompson³

et al. 1995

J. Clin. Invest.

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Certain dihydroxy bile acids cause secretory diarrhea when present in the colonic lumen at inappropriately high concentrations. However, the mechanism underlying the secretagogue activity has not been fully elucidated. Experiments were performed to test whether mast cells and one of their major mediators, histamine, might contribute to the secretory effect. Chenodeoxycholic acid, a secretory bile acid, and ursodeoxycholic acid, a nonsecretory, hydrophilic bile acid, were compared for their ability to induce chloride secretion across segments of mouse colon mounted in Ussing chambers. Chenodeoxycholic acid, but not ursodeoxycholic acid, induced dose-dependent, biphasic chloride secretion that was greater after serosal than mucosal addition and was greater in distal versus proximal colonic segments. The secretory effect of chenodeoxycholic acid was inhibited by H1 histamine receptor antagonists and modified by the cyclooxygenase inhibitor indomethacin. However, it was unaffected by an H2 histamine receptor antagonist or by atropine. Secretory effects of chenodeoxycholic acid were diminished in magnitude and delayed in colonic tissues from mice with a genetic deficiency of tissue mast cells. Concentrations of chenodeoxycholic acid inducing secretion also released histamine from tissue segments. These data indicate that mast cells and histamine-mediated processes contribute significantly to the secretory effects of dihydroxy bile acids in the murine colon. (J. Clin. Invest. 1995. 95:2831-2839

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The Importance of the Enteric Nervous System for the Bile-Salt-Induced Secretion in the Small Intestine of the Rat

Cited by 53 publications

References 23 publications

Intestinal bile acid physiology and pathophysiology

Intestinal bile acid physiology and pathophysiology

Luminal propionate‐induced secretory response in the rat distal colon in vitro.

Mast cells and histamine contribute to bile acid-stimulated secretion in the mouse colon.

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