The importance of stromal inflammation in squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue

Lundqvist, Lotta; Stenlund, Hans; Laurell, Göran; Nylander, Karin

doi:10.1111/j.1600-0714.2011.01107.x

Cited by 47 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 13 publications

(15 reference statements)

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“…For tongue carcinoma, no specific prognostic factors have been found. Concerning prognosis, our own previous results of tongue tumours showed that evaluation of the inflammatory infiltrate at the tumour interface could give potentially valuable information for choice of treatment and prognosis . We also found a significantly higher frequency of recurrence in young compared to old patients .…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 55%

High expression of p63 is correlated to poor prognosis in squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue

Loljung

Coates

Nekulova

et al. 2013

J Oral Pathology Medicine

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 55%

High expression of p63 is correlated to poor prognosis in squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue

Loljung

Coates

Nekulova

et al. 2013

J Oral Pathology Medicine

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“…A recent study on oral tongue SCC did not find any correlation of WPOI with prognosis or response to treatment, but a dense LHR was associated with complete response to therapy. This latter study comprised all stages of oral tongue SCC, in addition to using only biopsy specimens . These 2 factors may have influenced their findings.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Depth of invasion, tumor budding, and worst pattern of invasion: Prognostic indicators in early‐stage oral tongue cancer

et al. 2013

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BackgroundOral (mobile) tongue squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is characterized by a highly variable prognosis in early-stage disease (T1/T2 N0M0). The ability to classify early oral tongue SCCs into low-risk and high-risk categories would represent a major advancement in their management.MethodsDepth of invasion, tumor budding, histologic risk-assessment score (HRS), and cancer-associated fibroblast (CAF) density were studied in 233 cases of T1/T2 N0M0 oral tongue SCC managed in 5 university hospitals in Finland.ResultsTumor budding (≥5 clusters at the invasive front of the tumor) and depth of invasion (≥4 mm) were associated with poor prognosis in patients with early oral tongue SCC (hazard ratio [HR], 2.04; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.17–3.55; HR, 2.55; 95% CI, 1.25–5.20, respectively) after multivariate analysis. The HRS and CAF density did not predict survival. However, high-risk worst pattern of invasion (WPOI), a component of HRS, was also an independent prognostic factor (HR, 4.47; 95% CI, 1.59–12.51).ConclusionAnalyzing the depth of invasion, tumor budding, and/or WPOI in prognostication and treatment planning of T1/T2 N0M0 oral tongue SCC is recommended.

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“…Patient characteristics are shown in Table . Tissue biopsies had been consecutively collected and some patients were included in our previous studies with different objectives . Biopsies taken from the lateral border of the tongue from 14 healthy volunteers not exposed to classic oral cancer risk factors (smoking and alcohol) had also been collected previously .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

High immune cytolytic activity in tumor‐free tongue tissue confers better prognosis in patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the oral tongue

Boldrup

Coates

et al. 2019

The Journal of Pathology CR

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Immune cells and cytolytic activity within the tumor microenvironment are being intensively studied. Through transcriptome profiling, immune cell enumeration using the xCell tool and cytolytic activity quantification according to granzyme A (GZMA) and perforin (PRF1) mRNA levels, we investigated immunoreactivity in tumor and/or tumor‐free tongue tissue samples from 31 patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the oral tongue and 14 healthy individuals (control tongue tissues). We found significantly altered immune cell compositions (p < 0.001) and elevated cytolytic activity (p < 0.001) in tumor compared to tumor‐free samples, and altered infiltration of a subset of immune cells (e.g. CD8+ T cells, p < 0.01) as well as increased cytolytic activity (p < 0.001) in tumor‐free compared to control samples. Controlling for patient age at diagnosis and tumor stage, Cox regression analysis showed that high cytolytic activity in tumor‐free samples associated with improved disease‐free survival (hazard ratio= 4.20, 95% CI = 1.09–16.20, p = 0.037). However, the degree of cytolytic activity in tumor samples did not provide prognostic information. Taken together, our results show the presence of cancer‐related immune responses in clinically tumor‐free tongue in patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the oral tongue. Measuring cytolytic activity in tumor‐free tongue samples contralateral to tumor might thus be an effective approach to predict clinical outcome.

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The importance of stromal inflammation in squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue

Cited by 47 publications

References 13 publications

High expression of p63 is correlated to poor prognosis in squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue

High expression of p63 is correlated to poor prognosis in squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue

Depth of invasion, tumor budding, and worst pattern of invasion: Prognostic indicators in early‐stage oral tongue cancer

High immune cytolytic activity in tumor‐free tongue tissue confers better prognosis in patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the oral tongue

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