The importance of measuring skin resistance for electrical nociceptive stimulation in standing horses

Gozalo-Marcilla, Miguel; Luna, Stélio Pacca Loureiro; Crosignani, Nadia; Filho, José Nicolau Próspero Puoli; Pelligand, Ludovic; Taylor, Polly

doi:10.1111/evj.12700

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…The hair proximal to the coronary band of the left thoracic limb was clipped for placement of the electrodes. A strict clipping and cleaning protocol was followed in order to ensure good contact and to minimise between‐electrode resistance to less than 3 kΩ .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sedative and antinociceptive effects of different detomidine constant rate infusions, with or without methadone in standing horses

Gozalo-Marcilla

Oliveira

Fonseca

et al. 2018

Equine Veterinary Journal

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Summary Background Standing surgery avoids the risks of general anaesthesia in horses. Objectives To assess sedation, antinociception and gastrointestinal motility in standing horses after a detomidine loading dose and 2‐h constant rate intravenous (i.v.) infusion, with or without methadone. Study design Blinded, randomised, crossover with seven healthy adult cross‐bred horses, three geldings and four females (404 ± 22 kg). Methods Five i.v. treatments were administered to all horses with 1‐week washout period: saline (SAL), detomidine low (2.5 μg/kg bwt + 6.25 μg/kg bwt/h) (DL) and high doses (5 μg/kg bwt + 12.5 μg/kg bwt/h) (DH) alone or combined with methadone (0.2 mg/kg bwt + 0.05 mg/kg bwt/h), (DLM) and (DHM), respectively. Height of head above the ground (HHAG), electrical (ET), thermal (TT) and mechanical (MT) nociceptive thresholds and gastrointestinal motility were evaluated at predetermined times between 5 and 240 min. A mixed effect model and Kruskal–Wallis test were used to analyse normally and non‐normally distributed data, respectively. Results Sedation (<50% basal HHAG) was achieved for the duration of the infusion, and for an additional 15 min in DH and DHM groups. Nociceptive thresholds were higher than baseline, to the greatest degree and the longest duration, with DHM (ET and TT for 135 min and MT for 150 min). After DH, TT was significantly higher than baseline from 30 to 120 min and MT from 15 to 135 min. After DLM, ET was increased at 90 min, TT at 30 min and MT for 120 min. Gastrointestinal motility was reduced for up to 135 min after DL, 150 min after DLM and 210 min after DH and DHM. Main limitations Nociceptive thresholds are not equivalent to surgical stimuli. Conclusion Methadone with the highest detomidine dose (DHM) may provide sufficient sedation and analgesia for standing surgical procedures and warrants further investigation.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Aversive reactions were considered positive responses when the horse lifted its foot, pawed the ground, stamped, flexed the limb or walked to avoid the stimulus . Further details for electrical, thermal and mechanical threshold testing and devices are described elsewhere .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%