The importance of local settings: within-year variability in seawater temperature at South Bay, Western Antarctic Peninsula

Cárdenas, César; González-Aravena, Marcelo; Santibáñez, Pamela A.

doi:10.7717/peerj.4289

Cited by 39 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…Specific marine ecological and oceanographic conditions due to the close proximity of shifting hydrological fronts make the Kerguelen islands a unique observation site providing valuable baseline for assessing the effects of climate change on marine communities and ecosystem functioning. Significant effects are expected on local benthic communities, members of which have limited regulatory abilities (Stenni et al, 2017;Gutt et al, 2018;Cárdenas et al 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

<strong>A field guide to coastal echinoderms of the Kerguelen Islands</strong>

Féral¹,

Poulin²,

Ridder³

et al. 2019

Zoosymposia

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One of the current challenges in today’s ecology research is to understand and quantify the effects of climate changes on biodiversity. In order to detect possible trends in biodiversity patterns, it is necessary to conduct long-term observations in various and representative environments. This is always challenging, even more difficult in marine habitats and in the Southern Ocean in particular. Since 2012, a submarine observatory of the coastal benthos has been in operation in the Kerguelen Islands. Eight contrasting sites are monitored using photo and video surveys, loggers, and settlement plots. To quantify potential changes, several photographic analysis techniques are also complemented by scuba diving and ROV (Remotely Operated Vehicle) observations. Investigator scientists have developed and improved new protocols that will be carried out in the long term by the staff of the National Natural Reserve of the French Southern Territories. In order to provide reliable support of species identification, the Proteker program supported by IPEV, French Polar Institute, is currently developing several field guides that should improve the identification of the main taxa being monitored. In light of their abundance in coastal environments of the Kerguelen Islands, and because they are among the most visible invertebrates and the easiest of organisms to consider for monitoring surveys, we first focused on echinoderms. Results of this first study are presented here. For each echinoderm species, a spreadsheet provides the species name with synonymies, a description of diagnostic features, the recorded distribution, as well as three different types of illustrations: (i) living specimens in their environment, which is useful for scuba divers, (ii) fresh collected specimens out of water, and (iii) specimens fixed in ethanol. Therefore, species can be identified alive while diving, but also after sampling in the field, and after several years in the laboratory. An assessment of Kerguelen’s coastal echinoderms is also given.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

<strong>A field guide to coastal echinoderms of the Kerguelen Islands</strong>

Féral¹,

Poulin²,

Ridder³

et al. 2019

Zoosymposia

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“…Particularly, the increase of shallow seawater temperature could result in a negative impact on various stenothermal species [ 4 ]. Sudden changes in sea surface temperature and salinity has been reported in Potter Cove (King George Island) [ 5 ] and also in some areas of the Antarctic Peninsula [ 6 ]. Recently, high mortality of krill has been reported near to Carlini Station related to significant increases of particulate matter of glacial origin produce by increased temperature [ 7 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

HSP70 from the Antarctic sea urchin Sterechinus neumayeri: molecular characterization and expression in response to heat stress

González-Aravena¹,

Calfío²,

Mercado³

et al. 2018

Biol Res

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BackgroundHeat stress proteins are implicated in stabilizing and refolding denatured proteins in vertebrates and invertebrates. Members of the Hsp70 gene family comprise the cognate heat shock protein (Hsc70) and inducible heat shock protein (Hsp70). However, the cDNA sequence and the expression of Hsp70 in the Antarctic sea urchin are unknown.MethodsWe amplified and cloned a transcript sequence of 1991 bp from the Antarctic sea urchin Sterechinus neumayeri, experimentally exposed to heat stress (5 and 10 °C for 1, 24 and 48 h). RACE-PCR and qPCR were employed to determine Hsp70 gene expression, while western blot and ELISA methods were used to determine protein expression.ResultsThe sequence obtained from S. neumayeri showed high identity with Hsp70 members. Several Hsp70 family features were identified in the deduced amino acid sequence and they indicate that the isolated Hsp70 is related to the cognate heat shock protein type. The corresponding 70 kDa protein, called Sn-Hsp70, was immune detected in the coelomocytes and the digestive tract of S. neumayeri using a monospecific polyclonal antibody. We showed that S. neumayeri do not respond to acute heat stress by up-regulation of Sn-Hsp70 at transcript and protein level. Furthermore, the Sn-Hsp70 protein expression was not induced in the digestive tract.ConclusionsOur results provide the first molecular evidence that Sn-Hsp70 is expressed constitutively and is non-induced by heat stress in S. neumayeri.

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“…Moreno et al 1977;Moreno & Osorio, 1980;Moreno, 1980;Zamorano, 1983;Zamorano et al 1986). A study related to climate change was initiated by Cárdenas (2016) who focused on the effect of global warming on Antarctic sponges in South Bay, and later on, Cárdenas et al (2018) reported within-year (2016-2017) variation in seawater temperature at three sites at South Bay, Doumer Island.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%