The Importance of Inter-Species Cell-Cell Co-Aggregation betweenLactobacillus plantarumML11-11 andSaccharomyces cerevisiaeBY4741 in Mixed-Species Biofilm Formation

Xylan-mediated aggregation of Lactobacillus brevis and its relationship with the surface properties and mucin-mediated aggregation of the bacteria

“…10,11) Mannose-specific adhesion to the porcine jejunal epithelium by Lactobacillus plantarum 12) and coaggregation between and among human intestinal and oral bacteria via lectin-carbohydrate interactions 13) have also been reported. Furthermore, the aggregation of LAB and yeast cells mediated by mannose and/or mannan in the yeast cell wall has been confirmed for L. plantarum 14,15) and Lactococcus lactis. 16) In this manner, it was considered that the adhesion of LAB to the host cell and other microbes occurred in a lectinlike manner through the carbohydrate.…”

“…From this observation, the aggregation of L. brevis in response to xylan was not considered to involve a specific reaction mediated by proteins, such as lectin-like proteins, which were previously identified as factors for the aggregation and gastrointestinal tract adherence of Lactobacillus. 8,9,[12][13][14][15]23) However, another type of protein was considered to mediate xylan-induced aggregation based on the effects of pH and temperature on aggregation.…”

Screening of lactic acid bacteria that can form mixed-species biofilm with Saccharomyces cerevisiae

“…In the previous reports, co-aggregation between L. plantarum ML11-11 cells and budding yeast cells was proven to be necessary for the mixed-species biofilm formation, 1,2) then the co-aggregation between S. cerevisiae and newly screened LABs, L. plantarum D71, L. plantarum E31, or L. mesenteroides K01 was investigated, two L. plantarum strains co-aggregated with S. cerevisiae. While L. mesenteroides K01 showed no co-aggregation with S. cerevisiae, and it could not co-aggregate with S. cerevisiae even in the supernatant of mixed-cultured broth of K01 and the yeast.…”

“…1,2) To assay biofilm formation, stationary phase LAB or yeast cultures were inoculated into fresh YPD at the dilution rate of 1:100 in monoculture. While for co-culture, both stationary phase cultures of LAB and yeast were inoculated into fresh YPD at the dilution rate of 1:200, respectively.…”

“…2) We considered that the formation of a biofilm, a microbial community on the solid-liquid interface, [3][4][5][6] would be important in the traditional fermentation processes that start from solid biomaterials. 1,[7][8][9] Coexistence and symbiosis of yeasts and lactic acid bacteria (LAB) in traditional fermentation are well known.…”