The Importance of Congenital Malformations at Birth

Abstract

Introduction: Countries that have overcome high infant mortality rates show, nowadays, concentration of deaths in the neonatal period and, within it, mainly in the first week of life (early neonatal deaths). Regarding causes of death, as some diseases have started to be controlled, a significant proportional increase in the participation of congenital malformations has been verified.

Anomalias congênitas no estado do Rio Grande do Sul: análise de série temporal

“…Studies in several regions of Brazil showed varied rates, such as: 0.48% in the interior of Paraíba 6 ; 1.2% in the city of São Paulo 7 ; 1.4%, in the city of Pelotas (RS) 8 ; and 1.7% in Rio de Janeiro 9 . Underreporting, however, is a serious epidemiological problem in South America, negatively influencing the reliable comparison of data 3,10 .…”

Geospatial analysis of births with congenital disorders, Paraná, 2008-2015: ecological study

“…The model was chosen based on the Akaike (AIC) information criterion and the best adjusted R 2 , classic methods of selection of dependent variables in the multivariate regression model (25) . Finally, after analyzing several variables, only the predictors with the greatest potential to explain the births of babies with CD in the municipalities were included in the model, namely: pregnant women over 20 years old registered in primary care (we chose to work from this age, as it was the period of higher fertility of the woman, when more births occur) (28)(29) ; urbanization degree (percentage of residents in urban areas); formal female employment balance (admitted and dismissed); and consumption of pesticides (volume traded).…”

“…Considering the positive determination coefficients for UD, we associated our findings with evidence that malformed newborns living in less populated areas or with lower UD are at risk of having a late diagnosis compared to newborns living in more densely populated areas. In these areas of lower UD, there may still be verbal diagnosis but failures in registration, as pointed by other studies that also used SINASC data (28,36) .…”

“…Authors point out that, despite the development and improvement of SINASC over the years and the inclusion of a block on CD notification since 1999, there may still be failures characterized by the non-identification of some types of cardiac CD, such as late diagnosis or less severe. These are factors for this possible underreporting: lack of a team prepared to make the diagnosis or even a neonatologist in the delivery room and professionals trained to fill the LBC; resistance of parents regarding the registration of the event in the child's document, especially in private institutions; and stage of development of fetal medicine, since early diagnosis of CD can motivate illegal abortion (28,36) . Other factors related to differences in PRBCD values will be discussed later using spatial regression.…”

Variáveis neonatais em recém-nascidos portadores de atresia esofágica

“…Nos resultados, a média do peso foi de 2, 625 Kg, na faixa classificada como peso normal (>2.500g), dessa forma 30 (60%) dos neonatos encontravam-se com bom peso, Constatou-se que o baixo peso com 17 (34%) casos e o extremo baixo peso com apenas 03 (06%) não predominou entre recém-nascidos portadores de AE, apesar de ser notório na literatura que há ganho de peso deficiente e/ou inadequado destes durante o processo de hospitalização 23,24 . À vista disso, é possível observar que estes dados pactuam com estudos realizados em vários locais do Brasil e do mundo, como por exemplo, a pesquisa realizada nas três maiores unidades neonatais do Ceará, que evidenciou uma amostra de 159 nascidos vivos acometidos por malformações congênitas do trato intestinal, na qual inclui-se a atresia do esôfago, 82 (52%) tiveram peso adequado ao nascer e peso abaixo do esperado para idade na alta hospitalar 18,25 .…”