The Importance of Biodiversity E-infrastructures for Megadiverse Countries

Canhos, Dora Ann Lange; Sousa‐Baena, Mariane S.; Souza, Sidnei de; Maia, Leonor Costa; Stehmann, João Renato; Canhos, Vanderlei Perez; Giovanni, Renato De; Bonacelli, Maria Beatriz Machado; Los, Wouter; Peterson, A. Townsend

doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.1002204

Cited by 57 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 16 publications

(20 reference statements)

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“…The number of fungal genera retrieved in our work was little more than half of the fungal genera presented in the continuously updated list of Plants and Fungi of Brazil (Canhos et al 2015) when we filtered this general database for the parameters: Atlantic forest biome and dead wood. Furthermore, approximately 77% of the fungal genera retrieved in our work were not recorded in this trimmed dataset.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

USING Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS) TO UNCOVER DIVERSITY OF WOOD-DECAYING FUNGI IN NEOTROPICAL ATLANTIC FORESTS

et al. 2017

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A targeted amplicon-based metagenomics approach (metabarcoding) provides detailed access to the diversity of the mycobiome in any substrate in distinct environments on Earth. Fungi are the main decomposers of lignocellulosic woody debris in terrestrial forested ecosystems, contributing significantly to the global carbon cycle. The main objectives of this study were to assess the fungal taxonomic diversity in fallen woody debris samples from two Neotropical forest fragments (rainforest and seasonal forest), to analyze the qualitative and quantitative components of the taxonomic diversity, and to investigate the functional diversity of the ecological groups detected. Our study comprised three main methodological steps: (i) sampling in the field; (ii) extraction of DNA, amplification of targeted segments and massively parallel sequencing; and (iii) data analysis and interpretation. A total of 110 molecular operational taxonomic units showing sequence similarity of 95% or more across the two collection sites using two DNA metabarcoding markers (ITS1 and ITS2) were assigned to putative fungal genera in 59 families, 27 orders, and 3 phyla. The number of putative fungal genera and the relative abundance of reads for each genus are higher in the tropical rainforest site than in the tropical seasonal forest site. Most of the identified genera are ligninolytic and cellulolytic and/or hemicellulolytic Basidiomycota (Agaricomycetes) and Ascomycota (Sordariomycetes), but "sugar fungi" and fungi associated with plants and detritivorous insects were also detected. This is the first study using NGS as a rapid and large-scale useful strategy to uncover the diversity of wood-decaying fungi in tropical forests.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

USING Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS) TO UNCOVER DIVERSITY OF WOOD-DECAYING FUNGI IN NEOTROPICAL ATLANTIC FORESTS

et al. 2017

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“…For alien species, data quality can be improved using the systematic approach proposed here, supported by GIASIP initiative, species registries (e.g. Canhos et al, 2015;Essl et al, 2015;Jeschke et al, 2012;van Kleunen et al, 2015), citizen science and new technologies -Spatiotemporally explicit records or predictions in the form of sites or areas occupied -Taxonomic information, including nomenclature and species identity…”

Section: Alien Species Impactmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1; Appendix A). The number of countries and regions with inventories for various taxa, management and policy purposes is increasing (Canhos et al, 2015;UNEP, 2014). More detailed information on the status and distribution of alien species at national levels will facilitate the optimization of management actions and over time incrementally and strategically build on this foundation (van Kleunen et al, 2015).…”

Section: Characteristics Of the Receiving Environmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Capinha et al, 2015;McGeoch et al, 2015b;van Kleunen et al, 2015). Digital infrastructure for big data on Essential Variables is under development (Canhos et al, 2015;Jetz et al, 2012;Nativi et al, 2015). The Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) and Ocean Biogeographic Information System (OBIS) are international infrastructures for organizing data of species presences in space and time (Costello et al, 2013(Costello et al, , 2015.…”

Section: Global Delivery Of Informationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To achieve this, there is need for standardized variables and metrics to underpin a global observation system for alien species that can accommodate countries across a range of baseline knowledge levels and economic capabilities. To date, geographic variation in information and capacity and difficulties of keeping most inventories regularly updated, along with taxonomic gaps, have impeded globally harmonized monitoring of invasions (Bellard and Jeschke, 2016;Canhos et al, 2015;Jeschke et al, 2012;McGeoch et al, 2010;Pyšek et al, 2008Pyšek et al, , 2013. These inequalities have also significantly undermined the performance of indicators of alien species prevalence and impact, and increased their likelihood of delivering misleading outcomes for policy (Collen and Nicholson, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Managing biological invasions relies on good global coverage of species distributions. Accurate information on alien species distributions, obtained from international policy and cross-border co-operation, is required to evaluate trans-boundary and trading partnership risks. However, a standardized approach for systematically monitoring alien species and tracking biological invasions is still lacking. This Perspective presents a vision for global observation and monitoring of biological invasions. We show how the architecture for tracking biological invasions is provided by a minimum information set of Essential Variables, global collaboration on data sharing and infrastructure, and strategic contributions by countries. We show how this novel, synthetic approach to an observation system for alien species provides a tangible and attainable solution to delivering the information needed to slow the rate of new incursions and reduce the impacts of invaders. We identify three Essential Variables for Invasion Monitoring; alien species occurrence, species alien status and alien species impact. We outline how delivery of this minimum information set by joint, complementary contributions from countries and global community initiatives is possible. Country contributions are made feasible using a modular approach where all countries are able to participate and strategically build their contributions to a global information set over time. The vision we outline will deliver wide-ranging benefits to countries and international efforts to slow the rate of biological invasions and minimize their environmental impacts. These benefits will accrue over time as global coverage and information on alien species increases.

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Building on centuries of research based on herbarium specimens gathered through time and around the globe, a new era of discovery, synthesis, and prediction using digitized collections data has begun. This paper provides an overview of how aggregated, open access botanical and associated biological, environmental, and ecological data sets, from genes to the ecosystem, can be used to document the impacts of global change on communities, organisms, and society; predict future impacts; and help to drive the remediation of change. Advocacy for botanical collections and their expansion is needed, including ongoing digitization and online publishing. The addition of non‐traditional digitized data fields, user annotation capability, and born‐digital field data collection enables the rapid access of rich, digitally available data sets for research, education, informed decision‐making, and other scholarly and creative activities. Researchers are receiving enormous benefits from data aggregators including the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF), Integrated Digitized Biocollections (iDigBio), the Atlas of Living Australia (ALA), and the Biodiversity Heritage Library (BHL), but effective collaboration around data infrastructures is needed when working with large and disparate data sets. Tools for data discovery, visualization, analysis, and skills training are increasingly important for inspiring novel research that improves the intrinsic value of physical and digital botanical collections.

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The Importance of Biodiversity E-infrastructures for Megadiverse Countries

Cited by 57 publications

References 16 publications

USING Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS) TO UNCOVER DIVERSITY OF WOOD-DECAYING FUNGI IN NEOTROPICAL ATLANTIC FORESTS

USING Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS) TO UNCOVER DIVERSITY OF WOOD-DECAYING FUNGI IN NEOTROPICAL ATLANTIC FORESTS

A vision for global monitoring of biological invasions

Herbarium data: Global biodiversity and societal botanical needs for novel research

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