The importance of appropriate temporal and spatial scales for dengue fever control and management

Khormi, Hassan M.; Kumar, Lalit

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2012.05.001

Cited by 23 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Third, these pilgrimages occur during the rainy season. Fourth, more humidity and high temperatures may help exacerbate the situation [16,17], making Makkah and Jeddah more susceptible to infectious diseases [7]. Some sporadic cases in Jizan have been described as due to the nature of the city; Jizan is relatively flat and located at sea level; hence, the likelihood of the formation of small stagnant water collections is high following the rainfall [15].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The epidemiology of Dengue fever in Saudi Arabia: A systematic review

Alhaeli

Bahkali

Alı̀

et al. 2016

Journal of Infection and Public Health

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Dengue fever (DF) is the most serious mosquito-borne viral disease worldwide. DF is an acute febrile illness caused by Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus, which are endemic in certain cities of Saudi Arabia, such as Jeddah and Makkah (Mecca). An online literature search was conducted using relevant keywords to retrieve DF studies conducted in Saudi Arabia. Forty-five articles were identified initially. After screening for exclusion and retrieving full texts, a total of 10 articles were used for this review. Four studies were cross-sectional, and three observed a seroprevalence ranging from 31.7% to 56.9%, either among clinically suspected cases or among patients visiting the hospital for other reasons. Evidence extracted from risk factors and distribution studies indicated that young males are commonly affected. Fever, vomiting, thrombocytopenia and leukopoenia were the common features of the three studies related to clinical presentation of DF. One cross-sectional study concerning an educational program for DF demonstrated that a positive family history of DF, literate mothers, and age over 17 years were the predictors of a high DF knowledge score. However, the paucity of large epidemiological studies limits the generalizability of such evidence. Future studies in Saudi Arabia should focus upon the expansion of DF to other cities in the Kingdom. Larger epidemiological studies are needed for estimating the true burden and incidence of DF in the Saudi population, as they are limited to seroprevalence among clinically suspected cases and hospital-based patients.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Two clinical studies found that fever, nausea, vomiting, headache, musculo-skeletal pain, and abdominal pain were common clinical symptoms [17,18]. A similar study in Pakistan found that abdominal pain, nausea, epistaxis and rash were the most frequent clinical symptoms (p < 0.05) [27].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The epidemiology of Dengue fever in Saudi Arabia: A systematic review

Alhaeli

Bahkali

Alı̀

et al. 2016

Journal of Infection and Public Health

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“…The agent factor in the form of the dengue virus is transmitted through Aedes aegypti. Another factor had a big part in the environment, for example, geographical location, climatic and weather conditions in an area, which affects the increase of the spread pattern of DHF cases [9][10][11]. The trend of DHF cases generally occurs in the tropics and appears in the rainy season then decreases after the rainy season ends.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early Identification Model for Dengue Haemorrhagic Fever (DHF) Outbreak Areas Using Rule-Based Stratification Approach

Munir¹,

Hartati²,

Musdholifah³

2019

IJIES

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The spread of dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) globally with a frequency level that tends to be high in the past 50 years raises a systematic idea of prevention. One of the efforts to prevent DHF is the need for early identification of areas that are potentially epidemic. Early identification is carried out by getting an overview of the incident one step ahead by data forecasting. The focus of the study was the development of area stratification algorithms as an early identification of DHF outbreak areas by using data forecasting methods with surveillance data variables. Surveillance data which became the references for system modeling were DHF case data, rainfall, humidity, air temperature, wind speed and Larva-free Number (ABJ) for the span of 2010-2016 in 17 districts in Sleman Regency, Special Region of Yogyakarta. There were four steps during the study, i.e., 1) Forecasting of DHF case for the period of 12 months, 2) Forecasting of Larva-free Number (ABJ), 3) Determination of DHF case pattern for the last three years and the average of ABJ in the third year and 4) Area classification into stratification class. A method used for data forecasting of DHF case was seasonal autoregressive moving average (SARIMA), and the determination of area class pattern was conducted by using a neural network, meanwhile to obtain area stratification class used rule-based approach referring to guidelines controlling DHF outbreaks of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia. Early identification was carried out by dividing into 4 area classes. Area class target included endemic (K1), sporadic (K2), a potential (K3) and free (K4). The testing of accuracy forecasting used relative mean absolute error (RMAE) for 12 months period. The results of the forecasting accuracy test on 17 districts in Sleman Regency showed RMAE average of 1.46 was considered low for it was still below 10%. Furthermore, the results of the early identification of area stratification classes in 2014 and 2015 from 17 districts showed that 3 of the four regions were endemic areas while in 2016 almost all districts were endemic areas and only one area was classified as sporadic.

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“…stephensi Liston. Several of the aforementioned species have been implicated as vectors of arboviruses in other areas or in Saudi Arabia . Also, Cs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several of the aforementioned species have been implicated as vectors of arboviruses in other areas [30][31][32][33] or in Saudi Arabia. [34][35][36][37] Also, Cs. longiareolata is regarded as vector of blood parasites in birds, [38] tularemia and arbovirus infections such as West Nile virus infection.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of wild collected mosquito vectors of diseases using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry in Jazan Province, Saudi Arabia

et al. 2013

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Thirty-three species of mosquitoes have been reported from the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Several of these mosquitoes, Anopheles gambiae Giles s.l., Anopheles stephensi Liston, Culex pipiens Linnaeus, Culex quinquefasciatus Say, Culex tritaeniorhynchus Giles, Stegomyia aegypti (Linnaeus) and Aedimorphus vexans arabiensis (Patton) are known vectors of human and animal diseases. In this study, the cuticular hydrocarbon profiles of eight mosquito species using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry were analyzed. Wild collected fourth-instar larvae were reared, and single, newly emerged, unfed adult females were used for the analysis. A total of 146-160 peaks were detected from the cuticular extracts by gas chromatography. Repeated analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey HSD Post Hoc test was used to test for quantitative differences in relative hydrocarbon quantity. In addition, a linear regression model was applied using Enter method to determine the diagnostic peaks for the eight mosquito specimens. The ANOVA test indicated that relative peaks were significant (P < 0.05) when selected pairs of peaks were compared. Also, seven compounds showed qualitative differences among the five mosquito vectors tested. The classes of constituents present were n-alkanes, monomethylalkanes, dimethylalkanes, trimethylalkanes, alkenes, branched aromatic hydrocarbons, aldehydes and esters. These compounds have a carbon chain length ranging from 8 to 18 carbons. The most abundant compound in all adult mosquito specimens was n-hexylacrylate [retention time (RT) 6.73 min], which was not detected in Cx. pipiens. In Cx. pipiens, the most abundant peak was benzaldehyde (RT 2.98 min). Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry is a suitable method to identify adult mosquitoes, especially from focal areas of public health concern such as Jazan Province, Saudi Arabia. This method allows a wide range of adult collected material to be identified with high accuracy.

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The importance of appropriate temporal and spatial scales for dengue fever control and management

Cited by 23 publications

References 16 publications

The epidemiology of Dengue fever in Saudi Arabia: A systematic review

The epidemiology of Dengue fever in Saudi Arabia: A systematic review

Early Identification Model for Dengue Haemorrhagic Fever (DHF) Outbreak Areas Using Rule-Based Stratification Approach

Identification of wild collected mosquito vectors of diseases using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry in Jazan Province, Saudi Arabia

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