The importance of anabolism in microbial control over soil carbon storage

Liang, Chao; Schimel, Joshua P.; Jastrow, Julie D.

doi:10.1038/nmicrobiol.2017.105

Cited by 1,605 publications

(1,018 citation statements)

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“…However, the distribution of metabolite diversity ran contrary to our prediction, with higher molecular diversity observed in riparian than hillslope landscape positions. The assimilation of carbohydrates and other labile plant-derived compounds into microbial biomass (Ernakovich et al, 2017;Lynch et al, 2018) could explain the reduced DOM heterogeneity (Liang et al, 2017) we observed in hillslope soils, which are colonized by productive dwarf shrub and tussock-forming sedge communities (Walker & Walker, 1996, Figure 5). The assimilation of carbohydrates and other labile plant-derived compounds into microbial biomass (Ernakovich et al, 2017;Lynch et al, 2018) could explain the reduced DOM heterogeneity (Liang et al, 2017) we observed in hillslope soils, which are colonized by productive dwarf shrub and tussock-forming sedge communities (Walker & Walker, 1996, Figure 5).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…This downslope divergence in DOM composition could be related to diverse, sequential metabolism during transport (Liang et al, 2017;Mu et al, 2017) or to the accumulation of compounds in a less favorable, or spatially heterogeneous, redox environment. This downslope divergence in DOM composition could be related to diverse, sequential metabolism during transport (Liang et al, 2017;Mu et al, 2017) or to the accumulation of compounds in a less favorable, or spatially heterogeneous, redox environment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…DOM is comprised of an amalgam of compounds including recently produced plant products, microbial metabolites, and OM fragments that have been extensively degraded and reprocessed (Liang et al, 2017). Consequently, DOM is one of the most heterogeneous natural mixtures and requires the adoption of higher-resolution chemical techniques to determine its structural composition (Kellerman et al, 2014;Woods, Simpson, Koerner, et al, 2011), transformation in pore water environments (Ward & Cory, 2015), and influence on terrestrial C balances (Roth et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dissolved Organic Matter Chemistry and Transport Along an Arctic Tundra Hillslope

Lynch

Machmuller

Boot

et al. 2019

Global Biogeochemical Cycles

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Permafrost thaw is projected to restructure the connectivity of surface and subsurface flow paths, influencing export dynamics of dissolved organic matter (DOM) through Arctic watersheds. Resulting shifts in flow path exchange between both soil horizons (organic‐mineral) and landscape positions (hillslope‐riparian) could alter DOM mobility and molecular‐level patterns in chemical composition. Using conservative tracers, we found relatively rapid lateral flows occurred across a headwater Arctic tundra hillslope, as well as along the mineral‐permafrost interface. While pore waters collected from the organic horizon were associated with plant‐derived molecules, those collected from permafrost‐influenced mineral horizons had a microbial origin, as determined by fluorescence spectroscopy. Using high‐resolution nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, we found that riparian DOM had greater structural diversity than hillslope DOM, suggesting riparian soils could supply a diverse array of compounds to surface waters if terrestrial‐aquatic connectivity increases with warming. In combination, these results suggest that integrating DOM mobilization with its chemical and spatial heterogeneity can help predict how permafrost loss will structure ecosystem metabolism and carbon‐climate feedbacks in Arctic catchments with similar topographic features.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dissolved Organic Matter Chemistry and Transport Along an Arctic Tundra Hillslope

Lynch

Machmuller

Boot

et al. 2019

Global Biogeochemical Cycles

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“…Microbial carbon use efficiency (CUE) or growth efficiency, the proportion of substrate C that microorganisms assimilate versus that lost in respiration, is a key trait that determines the fate of C in soils 14,16,17 . Recent theory suggests that high microbial growth efficiency may indicate increased ability of those communities to store SOC through relatively greater biomass synthesis and resultant increases in the amount of microbial residues available for stabilization 11,14,15,18,19 . An increased microbial investment in resource acquisition in the form of extracellular enzyme production to degrade complex substrates is thought to result in lower growth efficiency 20 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Land use driven change in soil pH affects microbial carbon cycling processes

et al. 2018

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Soil microorganisms act as gatekeepers for soil–atmosphere carbon exchange by balancing the accumulation and release of soil organic matter. However, poor understanding of the mechanisms responsible hinders the development of effective land management strategies to enhance soil carbon storage. Here we empirically test the link between microbial ecophysiological traits and topsoil carbon content across geographically distributed soils and land use contrasts. We discovered distinct pH controls on microbial mechanisms of carbon accumulation. Land use intensification in low-pH soils that increased the pH above a threshold (~6.2) leads to carbon loss through increased decomposition, following alleviation of acid retardation of microbial growth. However, loss of carbon with intensification in near-neutral pH soils was linked to decreased microbial biomass and reduced growth efficiency that was, in turn, related to trade-offs with stress alleviation and resource acquisition. Thus, less-intensive management practices in near-neutral pH soils have more potential for carbon storage through increased microbial growth efficiency, whereas in acidic soils, microbial growth is a bigger constraint on decomposition rates.

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“…Whereas it is accepted that soil microorganisms can decompose SOC and drive C sequestration by promoting the production of stable SOC, it remains unclear how these microorganism-mediated processes lead to soil C stabilization and storage (Liang et al, 2017). Previous investigations have shown that addition of an oxidative enzyme or biomimetic catalyst enhanced SOC persistence via a free radical-driven coupling reaction among small molecules (Piccolo et al, 2011;Piccolo et al, 2018).…”

Section: Mechanisms Of Soil C Stability and Storage Through Microbimentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of biodiversity and iron availability on soil peroxide: Implications for soil carbon stabilization and storage

Sun

Liu

et al. 2019

Land Degrad Dev

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Intensive agriculture results in soil degradation, especially with the depletion of soil organic carbon (SOC). Application of organic fertilizers (e.g., animal manures) alone or combined with chemical fertilizers can alleviate soil degradation by increasing soil C while causing variations in soil hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) and iron availability.However, the underlying relationships among soil H 2 O 2 production, iron availability, and soil C storage following organic fertilization remain poorly understood. By combining results from three agroecosystem experiments from temperate northern to subtropical southern China with 25-29 years of different fertilization treatments (no fertilization, Control; inorganic nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilization [NPK]; NPK plus manure [NPKM]), here, we show that NPK treatments increased soil H 2 O 2 but decreased biodiversity (i.e., Shannon index) and SOC compared with NPKM treatments across all of the three experiments. In all of the examined soils, the contents of H 2 O 2 were approximately 0.7-to 7-fold higher under NPK treatment than under Control or NPKM treatments. The contents of H 2 O 2 were significantly affected by the fertilization regimes, experimental places, and their interaction. Compared with Control and NPKM treatments, NPK treatment decreased Shannon index to the greatest extent (~1.5) at the Qiyang experiment in subtropical southern China, followed by Jinxian (~0.6) in subtropical southern China, and Gongzhuling (~0.3) in temperate northern China. There was a significant and negative correlation between soil H 2 O 2 and Shannon index or mobilized iron, indicating that high biodiversity and high mobilized iron were beneficial to the decay of soil H 2 O 2 . Results from microcosm experiments support the field observations, implying that the occurrence of microbial-mediated Fenton-like reactions or free radical reactions was influenced by organic inputs. Together, these findings suggest that long-term manure inputs to soil initialize free radical reactions by activating microbial communities and mobilizing iron, providing benefits for soil C stabilization and storage by increasing recalcitrance and SOC interactions.

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The importance of anabolism in microbial control over soil carbon storage

Cited by 1,605 publications

References 61 publications

Dissolved Organic Matter Chemistry and Transport Along an Arctic Tundra Hillslope

Dissolved Organic Matter Chemistry and Transport Along an Arctic Tundra Hillslope

Land use driven change in soil pH affects microbial carbon cycling processes

Influence of biodiversity and iron availability on soil peroxide: Implications for soil carbon stabilization and storage

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