The implications of land preparation, crop establishment method and weed management on rice yield variation in the rice–wheat system in the Indo-Gangetic plains

Singh, Yadvinder; Singh, Veer; Singh, Govindra; Yadav, D.S.; Sinha, Rajiv K.; Johnson, David E.; Mortimer, A. M.

doi:10.1016/j.fcr.2010.11.012

Cited by 85 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…No-till in rice systems represents a large shift in management and yield declines following no-till implementation have frequently been reported (e.g. Gathala et al, 2011;Singh et al, 2011). In a longer-term study, Jat et al (2014b) found that no-till plus residue retention initially resulted in lower yields compared to conventional tillage with residue removed in a rice-wheat rotation in India.…”

Section: Impacts By Crop and Regionmentioning

confidence: 94%

When does no-till yield more? A global meta-analysis

Pittelkow

Linquist

Lundy

et al. 2015

Field Crops Research

628

401

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a b s t r a c tNo-till agriculture represents a relatively widely adopted management system that aims to reduce soil erosion, decrease input costs, and sustain long-term crop productivity. However, its impacts on crop yields are variable, and an improved understanding of the factors limiting productivity is needed to support evidence-based management decisions. We conducted a global meta-analysis to evaluate the influence of various crop and environmental variables on no-till relative to conventional tillage yields using data obtained from peer-reviewed publications (678 studies with 6005 paired observations, representing 50 crops and 63 countries). Side-by-side yield comparisons were restricted to studies comparing conventional tillage to no-till practices in the absence of other cropping system modifications. Crop category was the most important factor influencing the overall yield response to no-till followed by aridity index, residue management, no-till duration, and N rate. No-till yields matched conventional tillage yields for oilseed, cotton, and legume crop categories. Among cereals, the negative impacts of no-till were smallest for wheat (−2.6%) and largest for rice (−7.5%) and maize (−7.6%). No-till performed best under rainfed conditions in dry climates, with yields often being equal to or higher than conventional tillage practices. Yields in the first 1-2 years following no-till implementation declined for all crops except oilseeds and cotton, but matched conventional tillage yields after 3-10 years except for maize and wheat in humid climates. Overall, no-till yields were reduced by 12% without N fertilizer addition and 4% with inorganic N addition. Our study highlights factors contributing to and/or decreasing no-till yield gaps and suggests that improved targeting and adaptation, possibly including additional system modifications, are necessary to optimize no-till performance and contribute to food production goals. In addition, our results provide a basis for conducting trade-off analyses to support the development of no-till crop management and international development strategies based on available scientific evidence.

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Section: Impacts By Crop and Regionmentioning

confidence: 94%

When does no-till yield more? A global meta-analysis

Pittelkow

Linquist

Lundy

et al. 2015

Field Crops Research

628

401

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Paddy Straw Gross return Total variable cost Gross margin BCR † --------------------U.S.$ ha -1 ------------------ higher than the yield of transplanted (TPR) rice. Similarly, Singh et al (2011) reported that direct wet seeding with a drum seeder (DWSR) produced higher yields than TPR mainly by increasing the number of panicles (by 30-50%) per unit area. However, the number of grains per panicle decreased under DWSR (Husain et al, 2003).…”

Section: Treatmentsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Crop Establishment and Nutrient Management for Dry Season (Boro) Rice in Coastal Areas

et al. 2014

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Dry season (boro) rice (Oryza sativa L.) is an important crop in coastal areas of India, but little attention has been devoted to optimize crop and resource management for this important ecosystem. Four methods of crop establishment were tested on puddled soil: direct sowing of pre-germinated seeds with drum seeder, transplanting 12-and 18-d-old seedlings and conventional transplanting of 25-d-old seedlings (farmers' practice). Three nutrient treatments were also evaluated: recommended dose of fertilizers (RDF; 120-20-0 kg N-P 2 O 5 -K 2 O ha -1 ), RDF + Azolla (2 t ha -1 ) and RDF + 5 t ha -1 of farmyard manure (FYM). Azolla is a N-rich freshwater fern that can be produced in ponds and ditches. Drum-seeding increased plant height, tiller number, leaf area index, and net photosynthetic rate. Grain and straw yields (4.85 and 8.13 t ha -1 , respectively) were significantly higher with drum seeding than with transplanting. Grain yield was 34, 37, and 38% higher compared with 12-, 18-, and 25-d-old transplanted seedlings, respectively. Seedling age at transplanting did not affect grain yield, but the benefit/cost ratio (BCR) (1.94) was higher with drum seeding than with transplanting. Grain and straw yields under RDF + FYM were, respectively, 24 and 21% higher than RDF, but were only 11 and 12% higher compared with RDF + Azolla treatment. Integrated management practices combining a salt-tolerant variety (Canning 7) with drum seeding and nutrient management that include chemical and organic fertilizers could enhance the productivity of boro rice in saline coastal soils.

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“…Singh et al reported that yield losses due to weeds were least in transplanted rice but highest in direct-sown rice [17]. Rao et al reported that yield losses in transplanted rice are less as compared to direct-sown rice when effective weed control options are not applied, because in transplanted rice the initial flush of weeds is controlled by flooding [18].…”

Section: Irrigated Ecologymentioning

confidence: 98%

“…It is necessary to determine the critical periods of weed-crop competition to minimize the labor requirement and maximize economic return. Rice at early stage is most sensitive to competition with weeds and removal [14] of weeds at early stage has direct influence on grain yield (Table 6.3) [17,[22][23][24]. Anwar et al reported that weed density and biomass decreased with increasing duration of weed-free periods in rice crop [25].…”

Section: Factors Influencing Weed Competition and Critical Periodmentioning

confidence: 99%