The Implications of Global Priorities for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services Associated with Protected Areas

Pyke, Christopher R.

doi:10.5751/es-01948-120104

Cited by 29 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…In fact, since 1960, the national network has consistently expanded such that the current network includes 1712 designated protected areas covering 61892 km 2 ; this expansion is similar to the global trends of protected areas [35], [37]. In the case of either Spanish protected areas or the National Catalogue of Threatened Species, the primary objective has usually been to promote the conservation of the habitat of a particular species, mostly species of mammals and birds [38], [39].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unraveling the Relationships between Ecosystems and Human Wellbeing in Spain

et al. 2013

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National ecosystem assessments provide evidence on the status and trends of biodiversity, ecosystem conditions, and the delivery of ecosystem services to society. I this study, we analyze the complex relationships established between ecosystems and human systems in Spain through the combination of Driver-Pressure-State-Impact-Response framework and structural equation models. Firstly, to operationalize the framework, we selected 53 national scale indicators that provide accurate, long-term information on each of the components. Secondly, structural equation models were performed to understand the relationships among the components of the framework. Trend indicators have shown an overall progressive biodiversity loss, trade-offs between provisioning and cultural services associated with urban areas vs. regulating and cultural services associated with rural areas, a decoupling effect between material and non-material dimensions of human wellbeing, a rapid growing trend of conservation responses in recent years and a constant growing linear trend of direct or indirect drivers of change. Results also show that all the components analyzed in the model are strongly related. On one hand, the model shows that biodiversity erosion negatively affect the supply of regulating services, while it is positively related with the increase of provisioning service delivery. On the other hand, the most important relationship found in the model is the effect of pressures on biodiversity loss, indicating that response options for conserving nature cannot counteract the effect of the drivers of change. These results suggest that there is an insufficient institutional response to address the underlying causes (indirect drivers of change) of biodiversity loos in Spain. We conclude that more structural changes are required in the Spanish institutional framework to reach 2020 biodiversity conservation international targets.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unraveling the Relationships between Ecosystems and Human Wellbeing in Spain

et al. 2013

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“…Current landscape conditions are driven by property values, transportation systems, and the economy, with climate change posing an unknown direction and magnitude of influence in the future. It is becoming increasingly recognized that developed areas have a crucial role to play in the maintenance of native communities (Chape et al, 2005;Pyke, 2007), and the ability to maintain the ecological integrity of native communities in these complex social-ecological systems (see Colfer, 2005) will depend as much on passive management activities invoked by the local population as on active management conducted by accountable agencies. A clear notion of desired conditions for urban forests is an important first step.…”

Section: Management Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecological integrity of remnant montane forests along an urban gradient in the Sierra Nevada

Heckmann¹,

Manley²,

Schlesinger³

2008

Forest Ecology and Management

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“…In 1950, less than 0.5% of the Earth's land surface was protected. Today protected areas, with varying degrees of protection, cover 11.5% of the surface area (Pyke, 2007). Expanding urban areas and growing protected areas intersect to create a trend toward ever-increasing proximity between urban areas and protected areas .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%