The Implication of Benzene–Ethanol Extractive on Mechanical Properties of Waterborne Coating and Wood Cell Wall by Nanoindentation

Wu, Yan; Sun, Yingchun; Yang, Feng; Zhang, Haiqiao; Wang, Yajing

doi:10.3390/coatings9070449

Cited by 20 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 41 publications

(44 reference statements)

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“…Nanoindentation (NI) is an effective method for measuring the mechanical properties of various materials at the micro-level, which has been widely introduced on plant cell walls and polymer films [17,18,19,20]. However, conventional NI cannot adequately characterize the viscoelastic behavior of wood cell walls, especially after thermosetting PF resin impregnation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Phenol Formaldehyde Resin Penetration on the Quasi-Static and Dynamic Mechanics of Wood Cell Walls Using Nanoindentation

Wang

Chen

Xie³

et al. 2019

Nanomaterials

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To evaluate the effects of phenol formaldehyde (PF) resin modification on wood cell walls, Masson pine (Pinus massoniana Lamb.) wood was impregnated with PF resin at the concentrations of 15%, 20%, 25%, and 30%, respectively. The penetration degree of PF resin into wood tracheids was quantitatively determined using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). The micromechanical properties of the control and PF-modified wood cell walls were then analyzed by the method of quasi-static nanoindentation and dynamic modulus mapping techniques. Results indicated that PF resin with low molecular weight can penetrate deeply into the wood tissues and even into the cell walls. However, the penetration degree decreased accompanying with the increase of penetration depth in wood. Both the quasi-static and dynamic mechanics of wood cell walls increased significantly after modification by the PF resin at the concentration less than 20%. The cell-wall mechanics maintained stable and even decreased as the resin concentration was increased above 20%, resulting from the increasing bulking effects such as the decreased crystallinity degree of cellulose. Furthermore, the mechanics of cell walls in the inner layer was lower than that in the outer layer of PF-modified wood.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Phenol Formaldehyde Resin Penetration on the Quasi-Static and Dynamic Mechanics of Wood Cell Walls Using Nanoindentation

Wang

Chen

Xie³

et al. 2019

Nanomaterials

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“…Waterborne coatings recently have been increasingly used in the worldwide wood industry because of low health and environmental impact [1,2]. These environmentally friendly coatings have low or no emissions of volatile organic contents (VOCs) and good mechanical properties and durability [3,4]. Currently inorganic nano-additives (fillers) such as Al 2 O 3 [5,6], SiO 2 [7,8], TiO 2 [9], ZnO [10,11], CaCO 3 [12], Cr 2 O 3 [13,14], etc.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Waterborne Polyurethane Coating Modified through One-Step Cellulose Nanocrystals/Graphene Materials Sols Method

Yang

Zhang³

et al. 2020

Coatings

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Developing multifunctional coatings with excellent mechanical and thermal properties is highly desirable for wood-based composite application. The recent development of waterborne coatings for wood products suggests that a promising thermosetting material needs to also have properties like low volatile organic contents (VOCs), hardness, and fast curing. The cellulose nanocrystals/graphene materials (CNC/GM) sols were prepared through the one-step method as the thermally conductive and reinforced modifier for preparing waterborne polyurethane (WPU) coatings. The influence of this modifier on the thermal and mechanical properties such as thermal conductivity, abrasion resistance, and adhesion of WPU coatings was investigated. The results indicated that adding CNC/GM sols increased the hardness, abrasion resistance, and thermal conductivity of the WPU coatings, and meanwhile maintained the coating adhesion at the highest grade (level 1). The highest abrasion resistance value of 0.023 g/100 r was obtained for the modified WPU coating when the addition of GM was 3%.

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“…The main component of WUV is waterborne acrylic resin [9]. It has the advantages of light color, high solid content, and strong adhesion, but its hardness, wear resistance, and mechanical properties limit its use [10][11][12]. However, due to the water-based acrylic resin with water as the dispersion medium, the phenomenon of incomplete curing is easy to occur during curing, and the residual water-based additives lead to poor water resistance of the coating.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation and Characterization of Waterborne UV Lacquer Product Modified by Zinc Oxide with Flower Shape

Yang

et al. 2020

Polymers

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In this paper, the waterborne UV lacquer product (WUV) was used as the main raw material, zinc oxide (ZnO) was used as the additive, and the stearic acid as the surface modifier. According to the method of spraying coating on the surface of poplar wood (Populus tomentosa), a simple and efficient preparation method was carried out to generate a super-hydrophobic surface and enhance the erosion resistance of the coating. By testing, the contact angle (CA) of water on the coating surface can reach 158.4°. The microstructure and chemical composition of the surface of coatings were studied by scanning electron microscope (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The results showed that under acidic conditions, the non-polar long chain alkyl group of stearic acid vapor molecule reacted with the hydroxyl group in acetic acid, the metal ions of the ZnO were displaced to the stearic acid and generated globular zinc stearate (C36H70O4Zn). The hydrophobic groups –CH3 were grafted to the surface of zinc stearate (ZnSt2) particles and the micro/nano level of multistage flower zinc stearate coarse structure was successfully constructed on the surface of poplar wood, which endowed it with superhydrophobic properties. It is shown that the coating has good waterproof and erosion resistance.

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The Implication of Benzene–Ethanol Extractive on Mechanical Properties of Waterborne Coating and Wood Cell Wall by Nanoindentation

Cited by 20 publications

References 41 publications

Effect of Phenol Formaldehyde Resin Penetration on the Quasi-Static and Dynamic Mechanics of Wood Cell Walls Using Nanoindentation

Effect of Phenol Formaldehyde Resin Penetration on the Quasi-Static and Dynamic Mechanics of Wood Cell Walls Using Nanoindentation

Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Waterborne Polyurethane Coating Modified through One-Step Cellulose Nanocrystals/Graphene Materials Sols Method

Preparation and Characterization of Waterborne UV Lacquer Product Modified by Zinc Oxide with Flower Shape

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