The Implementation of Optimization Methods for Contrast Enhancement

Current Challenges and Advancements on the Management of Water Retreatment in Different Production Operations of Shale Reservoirs

“…This is the main issue that researchers have tried to address in current decades, to increase the efficiency and accuracy of water treatment methods [11][12][13]. One of the most practical ways to reduce the water demand for industrial plants is to treat produced water to eliminate virtually the high water supply expenses from other resources [14][15][16][17][18]. For example, petroleum industries are one of the largest industrial plants worldwide that require water for their operations [19,20].…”

A Coordination-Based Algorithm for Dedicated Destination Vehicle Routing in B2B E-Commerce

“…[20] propose that PSO achieves better specific work output across a range of algorithm control parameters and converges to optimum solution with lower computation cost. [21] implement Particle swarm optimization (PSO) and artificial bee colony (ABC) optimization methods to the histogram stretching technique in parameter selection process. [22] also integrate Particle swarm optimization (PSO) to obtain the optimal parameter combination of the regularization parameter c and the kernel function width coefficient in least squares support vector machine (LSSVM).…”

“…The procedure of calculating the new velocity and the position of every particle in the next iteration could be shown in the mathematical model. Equation (21) shows that the new velocity of the particle is updated using the current position and the current velocity. Each particle moves the new position in the next iteration according to the Equation (22).…”

Natural convection of water and nano‐emulsion phase change material inside a square enclosure to cool the electronic components

“…The mass ratio of core to shell is ω ¼ 0:25. The specific heat capacity and thermal expansion coefficient of the mixture water-NPCM can be estimated as following 23 :…”

“…[9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17] All materials that have the ability to change the solid-liquid-gas phases are introduced as a PCM and a special PCM can be used depending on the application. [18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26] These materials are dramatically developing due to the fact that they can receive a lot of heat at a constant temperature (in the phase change situation). [27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35] Many applications in the industry require fluid flow for cooling, so thermodynamic properties of the fluid can be increased by encapsulating PCM (EPCM) and adding to a base fluid such as water, which introduces EPCM slurry.…”