The Impacts of Widowhood, Chronic Disease, and Physical Function on Mortality Among Older People

Ho, Shu-Hsi; Hung, Wen-Shai

doi:10.1097/jnr.0b013e3182921ff6

Cited by 12 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 29 publications

(45 reference statements)

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“… a BADL Basic Activities of Daily Living b Based on International Classification of Diseases -10th version and categories used in previous studies, chronic diseases identified in present study included hypertension, stroke, diabetes, heart disease, bronchitis, pneumonia, tumor, et al [40, 41]…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resident and staff perspectives of person-centered climate in nursing homes: a cross-sectional study

Yun-xia

Xiao

et al. 2019

BMC Geriatr

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BackgroundPerson-centered care is widely recognized as a gold standard and is based on a supportive psychosocial climate for both residents and staff in nursing homes. Residents and staff may have different perspectives as to whether the climate in which they interact is person-centered, perhaps due to their different expectations of the nursing home environment and the provision of care services. The aim of this study was to explore and compare resident and staff perspectives of person-centered climate in aged care nursing homes.MethodsThis is a descriptive cross-sectional study using a cluster random sampling method. The study collected data in 2016 from residents (n = 251) and nursing staff (n = 249) in 23 nursing homes using a Person-centered Climate Questionnaire-Patient version and Person-centered Climate-Staff version. T-tests for independent-samples were used to compare scores ranked by nursing staff and residents.ResultsThe mean scores of ‘A climate of safety’ subscale and ‘A climate of everydayness’ subscale rated by residents were significantly lower than those rated by nursing staff. The mean scores of ‘A climate of hospitality’ rated by residents were very low among the three subscales, an indicator of the need to improve a more home-like environment for residents. Residents in larger size nursing homes showed a higher score of person-centered climate compared with their counterparts in small size nursing homes.ConclusionsThis study reveals that the perspectives and perceptions of person-centered climate differ between residents and nursing staff. Therefore, both resident and staff perspectives should be taken into account in attempting to improve person-centered climate for better care outcomes.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resident and staff perspectives of person-centered climate in nursing homes: a cross-sectional study

Yun-xia

Xiao

et al. 2019

BMC Geriatr

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“…Older adults with chronic illnesses exhibited a higher risk of falls (Sibley, Voth, Munce, Straus, & Jaglal, 2014) and were more likely to experience a deterioration in multiple organs or systemic functions leading to physical dysfunctions or disabilities (Lu, Chen, Tang, & Tung, 2014). Chronic illnesses may also increase the risk of death (Ho & Hung, 2013). These factors may lead to poor performance in the activities needed for daily living or to psychological stress for the older adults, resulting in an increased burden of care for family members.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and demographic characteristics of high‐need community‐dwelling older adults in Taiwan

Chang

Chen

et al. 2020

Health Soc Care Community

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By early screening, the high-need older adults who require multiple care needs and resources can be identified and the necessary assistance can then be provided. However, a precise definition of and related research on high-need older adults are limited. Identifying older adults with high needs is of practical urgency. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of high-need community-dwelling older adults and to identify the characteristic differences between high-need older adults and those without high needs. This cross-sectional descriptive survey research was conducted between July and December 2018 and used a simple random sampling to select older adults aged 65 and older who had lived in the community for at least 3 months. The High-need Community-dwelling Older Adults Screening Scale was used to identify high-need older adults in the community. A total of 818 communitydwelling older adults were surveyed and the prevalence of high-need older adults was 24.1%. Those screened as high-need older adults (n = 197) were 78.58 (SD = 7.60) years old in average, mostly female, widowed or single but living with someone, had chronic illnesses (M = 2.11, SD = 1.41), an elementary school level of education and religious beliefs. Furthermore, differences were found between older adults with high needs (n = 197) and those without high needs (n = 621) where there is a significantly higher proportion of high-need older adults who were 85 years and older, being male, widowed or single, illiterate, living alone, had chronic illnesses and no religious belief. The high prevalence of high-need community-dwelling older adults highlighted the importance of screening. If community care centres are provided with a comprehensive screening tool for finding high-need older adults during home visits, this would lead to timely identification of older adults with potential needs and enhance the preventive nature of home visits.

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“…The literature showed that in general, the widowed had excess mortality (compared with marriage), around 15% 3 months after the death of spouses [11]. In Taiwan, a previous study found that between 1999 and 2007, the widowed were 1.2 times more likely to die prematurely than married persons [8], and there were significant differences in gender and socioeconomic, mental, and physical status between widowed and nonwidowed persons [13][14][15]. The literature showed that the possible factors for the high risk of death in the widowed include physical and mental health, lifestyle, social support, and economic status [7,11,14,15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social Participation and Survival in Widowed Persons: Results of the Taiwan Longitudinal Study on Aging

Hsiao

Lee

Yeh

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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It has been considered that widowed persons have a higher risk of death. This study intended to explore whether social participation could improve this trend. A longitudinal study database was constructed to explore the trend of survival and its change with social participation in widowed persons. The Taiwan Longitudinal Study on Aging (TLSA), based on four consecutive waves of longitudinal follow-up data in 1999, 2003, 2007, and 2011 was linked with the National Death Registry from 1999 through 2012. In total, there were 1417 widowed persons and 4500 nonwidowed persons included in this study, excluding divorced and never-married people. The survival trend analysis was carried out with social participation as the main predictive factor stratified for comparative analysis. Our results showed that the widowed were older than the nonwidowed, were female-dominant, had a lower education level, were more economically stressed, and were less likely to engage in regular exercise, and thus showed generally poorer health; for example, being more vulnerable to having chronic diseases, disability with the Activities of Daily Living (ADL), cognitive impairment with the Short Portable Mental State Questionnaire (SPMSQ), and depression with The Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression (CES-D). The death risk of the widowed was significantly higher than that of the nonwidowed, but the death trend for those with social participation was significantly lower than that of their counterparts in both the widowed and nonwidowed. After matching with gender and age for widowed persons, the widowed with social participation had a significantly lower risk of death (adjusted hazard ratio (HR), 0.83; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.71–0.98) compared to the widowed without social participation. It was concluded that social participation can improve the death risk for the widowed, and it is worthily included in health promotion plans and social welfare services for widowed persons.

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The Impacts of Widowhood, Chronic Disease, and Physical Function on Mortality Among Older People

Cited by 12 publications

References 29 publications

Resident and staff perspectives of person-centered climate in nursing homes: a cross-sectional study

Resident and staff perspectives of person-centered climate in nursing homes: a cross-sectional study

Prevalence and demographic characteristics of high‐need community‐dwelling older adults in Taiwan

Social Participation and Survival in Widowed Persons: Results of the Taiwan Longitudinal Study on Aging

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