The Impacts of Emission Control and Regional Transport on PM2.5 Ions and Carbon Components in Nanjing during the 2014 Nanjing Youth Olympic Games

Zhou, Derong; Li, Bing; Huang, Xin; Virkkula, Aki; Wu, Haisuo; Zhao, Qingguo; Zhang, Jie; Liu, Qiang; Li, Li; Li, Chunyan; Chen, Feng; Yuan, Siyu; Qiao, Yuezhen; Shen, Guofeng; Ding, Aijun

doi:10.4209/aaqr.2016.03.0131

Cited by 16 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Nanjing, located in the western part of the YRD region, is one of the most urbanized and industrialized areas in the world, and consequently it experiences severe air pollution. The site is located downwind of both Nanjing city center and the wider YRD region (Zhao et al, 2017;Zhou et al, 2017), and it is therefore ideally placed to determine the combined impacts of VOCs from both local and regional atmospheric pollution.…”

Section: Sampling Campaignmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sources of volatile organic compounds and policy implications for regional ozone pollution control in an urban location of Nanjing, East China

Zhao

Liu

et al. 2020

Atmos. Chem. Phys.

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Abstract. Understanding the composition, temporal variability and source apportionment of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) is necessary for determining effective control measures to minimize VOCs and their related photochemical pollution. To provide a comprehensive analysis of VOC sources and their contributions to ozone (O3) formation in the Yangtze River Delta (YRD) – a region experiencing the highest rates of industrial and economic development in China – we conducted a 1-year sampling exercise using a thermal desorption GC (gas chromatography) system for the first time at an urban site in Nanjing (JAES site). Alkanes were the dominant group at the JAES site, contributing ∼53 % to the observed total VOCs, followed by aromatics (∼17 %), acetylene (∼17 %) and alkenes (∼13 %). We identified seasonal variability in total VOCs (TVOCs) with maximum and minimum concentrations in winter and summer, respectively. Morning and evening peaks and a daytime trough were identified in the diurnal VOC patterns. We identified VOC sources using positive matrix factorization (PMF) and assessed their contributions to photochemical O3 formation by calculating the O3 formation potential (OFP) based on the mass concentrations and maximum incremental reactivities of VOCs. The PMF model identified five dominant VOC sources, with highest contributions from diesel vehicular exhaust (34±5 %), followed by gasoline vehicular exhaust (27±3 %), industrial emissions (19±2 %), fuel evaporation (15±2 %) and biogenic emissions (4±1 %). The results of the OFP calculation inferred that VOCs from industrial and vehicular emissions were found to be the dominant precursors for OFP, particularly the VOC species of xylenes, toluene and propene, and top priority should be given to these for the alleviation of photochemical smog. Our results therefore highlight that priority should be given to limited VOC sources and species for effective control of O3 formation in Nanjing.

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Section: Sampling Campaignmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sources of volatile organic compounds and policy implications for regional ozone pollution control in an urban location of Nanjing, East China

Zhao

Liu

et al. 2020

Atmos. Chem. Phys.

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“…However, the concentrations of SNA were higher than those collected in the marine boundary layer, such as the East China Sea (29.80, 29.80, and 16.80 µg m −3 ) (Nakamura et al, 2005), northern South China Sea (7.80, 0.24, and 2.1 µg m −3 ) (Zhang et al, 2007), South China sea (7.99, 0.08, and 1.083 µg m −3 ) (Hsu et al, 2007), Taiwan Strait (5.20, 3.13, and 1.50 µg m −3 ) (Li et al, 2016), and Tuoji Dao in Bohai Economic Rim (8.90, 5.80, and 1.40 µg m −3 ) (Zhang et al, 2014). The SNA levels during the YRC were close to those in Shanghai in winter (11.7, 13.33, and 8.11 µg m −3 ) (Zhou et al, 2016). The mass ratio of NO − 3 /SO 2− 4 was regarded as a marker to distinguish mobile source vs. stationary source (Huang et al, 2013).…”

Section: Chemical Composition Of Fine Particles During the Yrc And Comentioning

confidence: 70%

“…In general, SO 2− 4 and NO − 3 in aerosol were mainly formed through gas precursors of SO 2 and NO x , respectively, both of which were completely different for lift time and chemical processes in the atmosphere. High UV radiation and humidity could accelerate the reaction rate of SO 2 to SO 2− 4 (Zhou et al, 2016). However, NO − 3 was in gas-aerosol equilibrium with gaseous HNO 3 (g).…”

Section: Ship Emission Contribution To So 2− 4 No − 3 and Ocmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Numerous field observations related to fine particles have been conducted in the megacities in the Yangtze River Delta (YRD) region, especially in Nanjing and Shanghai. Over the past years, the variation in mass concentrations, chemical compositions, size distributions, seasonal variations, daily change, optical properties, and temporal-spatial distributions of fine particles in this region has been investigated, and the causes and impacts of aerosol pollution have also been studied (Zhou et al, 2016;Kang et al, 2013;Y. Tao et al, 2014;Shen et al, 2014;Huang et al, 2013Huang et al, , 2012bA.…”

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Chen¹

2018

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The Yangtze River is the longest river in China; nearly one-third of the national population lives along the river. Air quality over the Yangtze River is important as it may have significant influences on the aquatic ecosystem, the health of everyone living along the Yangtze River, and regional climate change. Chemical compositions of ambient aerosol were determined during a comprehensive cruise campaign carried out along the mid-lower reaches of the Yangtze River (MLYR) in winter of 2015. The total average concentration of PM 2.5 was 119.29 ± 33.67 µg m −3 , and the dominant ionic composition in PM 2.5 was SO 2− 4 with an average concentration of 15.21 ± 6.69 µg m −3 , followed by NO − 3 (13.76±4.99 µg m −3), NH + 4 (9.38±4.35 µg m −3), and Ca 2+ (2.23 ± 1.24 µg m −3) in this cruise. Based on the filter samples, the concentration and chemical composition of PM 2.5 were remarkably varied or fluctuated from coastal areas to inland over the MLYR region. Crustal elements (Ca, Mg, Al, and K) from floating dust showed peak concentrations in the Yangtze River Delta (YRD) region, while secondary inorganic species (SO 2− 4 , NO − 3 , and NH + 4) and some of the most enriched elements (Pb, As, Se, and Cd) presented high levels in central China (Wuhan region). The significant correlation between Se and SO 2− 4 suggested that coal combustion may play an important role in secondary inorganic aerosol formation. The relatively high enrichment factors (EFs) of Ca (EFs > 100) suggested the crustal elements may derive from anthropogenic sources. Furthermore, the concentration of levoglucosan in PM 2.5 and the CO column level from satellite observation were greatly enhanced in the rural areas (Anhui and Jiangxi), indicating that biomass burning may make a remarkable contribution to rural areas. The concentrations of typical tracer for heavy oil (V and Ni) significantly increased in the Shanghai port, which was mainly ascribed to ship emissions, based on the air mass source analysis and the relatively high ratio of V / Ni as well. The results shown herein portray a good picture of air pollution along the Yangtze River. 1 Introduction The Yangtze River is the longest river in China, originating from the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau and extending to the East China Sea, and it drains an area of 1 808 500 km 2 , which is China's great granary, and feeds nearly one-third of the national population (Liu et al., 2017; Jiang et al., 2008). Currently, three dense city agglomerations, including Wuhan, Nanjing, and Shanghai (WNS), which are the centers of economy, transportation, politics, and culture in central and eastern China, and all of which are home to larger petrochemical complexes and/or steel industry, have formed along both shores of the mid-lower reaches of the Yangtze River (MLYR). The MLYR region is one of the most developed and economically vibrant regions in China, accounting for

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“…There have been some studies on air quality during the 2nd YOG (Ding et al, 2015;Chen et al, 2017;Zhou et al, 2017), but few studies focused on the relative contributions of meteorology and control efforts. This study takes the air quality monitoring data and applies the WRF-CMAQ (Weather Research and Forecasting -Community Multiscale Air Quality) model to estimate the effect of meteorological factors and emission reduction on the air quality of Nanjing during the 2nd YOG.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impacts of emission reduction and meteorological conditions on air quality improvement during the 2014 Youth Olympic Games in Nanjing, China

et al. 2017

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Abstract. As the holding city of the 2nd Youth Olympic Games (YOG), Nanjing is highly industrialized and urbanized, and faces several air pollution issues. In order to ensure better air quality during the event, the local government took great efforts to control the emissions from pollutant sources. However, air quality can still be affected by synoptic weather, not only emission. In this paper, the influences of meteorological factors and emission reductions were investigated using observational data and numerical simulations with WRF-CMAQ (Weather Research and Forecasting -Community Multiscale Air Quality). During the month in which the YOG were held (August 2014), the observed hourly mean concentrations of SO 2 , NO 2 , PM 10 , PM 2.5 , CO and O 3 were 11.6 µg m −3 , 34.0 µg m −3 , 57.8 µg m −3 , 39.4 µg m −3 , 0.9 mg m −3 and 38.8 µg m −3 , respectively, which were below China National Ambient Air Quality Standard (level 2). However, model simulation showed that the weather conditions, such as weaker winds during the YOG, were adverse for better air quality and could increase SO 2 , NO 2 , PM 10 , PM 2.5 and CO by 17.5, 16.9, 18.5, 18.8, 7.8 and 0.8 %. Taking account of local emission abatement only, the simulated SO 2 , NO 2 , PM 10 , PM 2.5 and CO decreased by 24.6, 12.1, 15.1, 8.1 and 7.2 %. Consequently, stringent emission control measures can reduce the concentrations of air pollutants in the short term, and emission reduction is very important for air quality improvement during the YOG. A good example has been set for air quality protection for important social events.

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The Impacts of Emission Control and Regional Transport on PM2.5 Ions and Carbon Components in Nanjing during the 2014 Nanjing Youth Olympic Games

Cited by 16 publications

References 35 publications

Sources of volatile organic compounds and policy implications for regional ozone pollution control in an urban location of Nanjing, East China

Sources of volatile organic compounds and policy implications for regional ozone pollution control in an urban location of Nanjing, East China

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Impacts of emission reduction and meteorological conditions on air quality improvement during the 2014 Youth Olympic Games in Nanjing, China

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