The impact of US Government assistance on recidivism

Costopoulos, Julie S.; Plewinski, Amy M.; Monaghan, Patricia L.; Edkins, Vanessa A.

doi:10.1002/cbm.1997

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 13 publications

(11 reference statements)

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“…The study of this concept aims to understand the criminological and psychosocial reality of individuals who, once identified as offenders, are sentenced, serve the corresponding sentence, and then repeat their previous criminal behaviors or engage in new types of offenses (King & Elderbroom, 2014;Nakamura & Bucklen, 2014). Under this perspective, criminal psychology has dedicated many decades to the study of recidivism with the aim of analyzing the processes of community re-entry and rehabilitation of offenders, the effectiveness of prison treatment programs and the preventive performance of recidivism risk assessment instruments, among other aspects (Bonta, Law, & Hanson, 1998;Costopoulos, Plewinski, Monaghan, & Edkins, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Findings on the association between psychopathy and recidivism are inconsistent. Although a significant negative relationship has been found between the presence of components of psychopathology in offenders and the prediction of future criminal behaviors, an individual's criminal history has, however, been found to be the variable most strongly associated with criminal recidivism (Bonta et al,1998;Costopoulos et al, 2017;Gendreau, Little, & Goggin, 1996). Establishing a negative relationship between psychiatric diagnosis and recidivism would help mitigate the stigma surrounding persons with a mental health disorder and the supposed dangers inherent in their condition (Fazel & Yu, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Functioning of psychopathy and trait aggression as predictive variables of criminal recidivism

et al. 2019

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En el presente estudio se analizan varias medidas de agresividad y de psicopatía como posibles factores implicados en la reincidencia penitenciaria. Se obtuvieron datos sociodemográficos así como de agresividad y de psicopatía (Cuestionario de Agresión, IPAS y TRIp) en una muestra de 110 varones internos de un centro penitenciario de Castilla-La Mancha (España). La muestra estuvo formada por dos grupos de 55 sujetos, caracterizados por presentar, o no, trastorno mental. Un 55.8% de los participantes eran reincidentes. La reincidencia mostró una asociación estadísticamente significativa (p<0.05) con la mayoría de las dimensiones estudiadas de agresividad, con cifras superiores en esta variable en el grupo de reincidentes así como en el grupo de internos diagnosticados con trastorno mental. La variable que mejor predijo la probabilidad de reincidir fue la mezquindad psicopática. No se encontraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre la presencia de un trastorno mental y la reincidencia (p>0.05), aunque se observa que entre los reincidentes existe una mayor proporción de personas con un trastorno mental (63.6%). Los reclusos con enfermedad mental presentan un mayor riesgo de reincidencia delictiva y ese riesgo está asociado a mayores puntuaciones en agresividad rasgo así como con mayores puntuaciones en desinhibición y mezquindad psicopática. In the current study, several measures of aggression and psychopathy are analyzed as possible factors involved in prison recidivism. Sociodemographic data as well as aggression and psychopathy trait measures (Aggression Questionnaire, IPAS and TRIp) were obtained in a sample of 110 male inmates from a penitentiary center in Castilla-La Mancha (Spain). The sample consisted of two groups of 55 subjects, characterized by presenting, or not, mental disorder. The 55.8% of the participants were persistent offenders. Recidivism showed a statistically significant association (p <0.05) with most of the dimensions studied for aggressiveness, with higher scores in this variable in the group of repeat offenders as well as in the group of inmates diagnosed with mental disorder. The variable that best predicted the likelihood of re-offending was psychopathic meanness. No statistically significant differences were found between the presence of a mental disorder and recidivism (p> 0.05), although it is observed that among the recidivists there is a greater proportion of people with a mental disorder (63.6%). Inmates with mental illness have a higher risk for criminal recidivism and this risk is associated with higher scores in trait aggressiveness as well as higher scores in disinhibition and psychopathic meanness.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functioning of psychopathy and trait aggression as predictive variables of criminal recidivism

et al. 2019

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show abstract

“…In some cases, government programs have also been found unable to decrease crime, or, less often, to increase it(Jacob et al, 2015;Carr and Koppa, 2017;Costopoulos et al, 2017;Luallen et al, 2018).2 Vogler's work and ours were performed independently and concurrently. His draft was first publicly posted on SSRN when the first draft of this paper was being finalized.…”

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confidence: 99%

The effect of health insurance on crime: Evidence from the Affordable Care Act Medicaid expansion

Barkowski

2020

Health Economics

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Little evidence exists on the effect of the Affordable Care Act (ACA) on criminal behavior, a gap in the literature that this paper seeks to address. Using a simple model, we argue we should anticipate a decrease in time devoted to criminal activities in response to the expansion, because the availability of the ACA Medicaid coverage raises the opportunity cost of crime. This prediction is particularly relevant for the ACA expansion because it primarily affects childless adults, a population likely to contain individuals who engage in criminal behavior. We validate this forecast empirically using a difference-in-differences framework, estimating the expansion's effects on panel datasets of state-and county-level crime rates. Our estimates suggest that the ACA Medicaid expansion was negatively associated with burglary, vehicle theft, homicide, robbery, and assault.These crime-reduction spillover effects represent an important offset to the government's cost burden for the ACA Medicaid expansion.

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Food in correctional facilities: A scoping review

Smoyer

2019

Appetite

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The impact of US Government assistance on recidivism

Cited by 6 publications

References 13 publications

Functioning of psychopathy and trait aggression as predictive variables of criminal recidivism

Functioning of psychopathy and trait aggression as predictive variables of criminal recidivism

The effect of health insurance on crime: Evidence from the Affordable Care Act Medicaid expansion

Food in correctional facilities: A scoping review

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