The impact of tryptophan supplementation on sleep quality: a systematic review, meta-analysis, and meta-regression

Sutanto, Clarinda; Loh, Wen Wei; Kim, Jung Eun

doi:10.1093/nutrit/nuab027

Cited by 20 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Support for the advantageous impact of dietary tryptophan on sleep parameters comes from a meta-analysis including 18 studies from various ethnicities and regions, which demonstrated that tryptophan could improve multiple sleep parameters. 19 However, the exact mechanism of the sedating effect of tryptophan has not been fully clarified. Tryptophan is the precursor for the neurotransmitter serotonin, which is an intermediary product in the synthesis of melatonin, both of which are believed to participate in the regulation of sleep and circadian rhythms, and are used to treat insomnia.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… 18 Several population studies, originating from different geographical locations and involving diverse subject populations, have illustrated that tryptophan consumption exerts an impact on sleep time by influencing the hypnotic neurotransmitters serotonin and melatonin, indicating that doses as low as 1 g L-tryptophan significantly reduce sleep latency and increase subjective ratings of sleepiness in subjects with insomnia. 19 , 20 However, the role played by sleep duration in linking dietary tryptophan and MetSyn has not yet been demonstrated in a large-scale cohort study.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dietary Tryptophan and the Risk of Metabolic Syndrome: Total Effect and Mediation Effect of Sleep Duration

Wang¹,

Liu²,

Tian³

et al. 2021

NSS

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Purpose Tryptophan affects energy homeostasis, glucose metabolism, blood pressure, and sleep. However, studies investigating the association between tryptophan and metabolic syndrome (MetSyn) are rare. We aimed to investigate the associations of dietary tryptophan with MetSyn incidence and potential mediation via sleep duration. Methods Data of 7890 participants were obtained from the China Health and Nutrition Survey (1997–2011) (male: 49.9%; mean age=43.43 years;median follow-up=129.76 months; MetSyn incidence: 16.3%). A combination of individual 24-hour recall and household survey was used to assess dietary intake. In total, 6720 and 4474 participants who reported sleep duration and had blood samples taken, respectively, were incorporated into subgroup analyses. MetSyn was defined according to National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel (NCEP ATP) III criteria (2004), and tryptophan consumption and sleep duration were assessed by self-report in each survey. Multivariate Cox regression models were used to assess the associations between tertiles of tryptophan intake and MetSyn. Generalized linear regression models were used to evaluate the effect of tryptophan on sleep duration and plasma biomarkers. Results Dietary tryptophan showed a protective effect on the risk of MetSyn. The hazard ratio (95% CI) of MetSyn was 0.77 (0.65–0.90) for individuals with a high tertile of tryptophan. Sleep duration was significantly higher, and HbA 1c , total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and apolipoprotein B (APO-B) were lower in the high tertile of tryptophan compared to the low tertile ( P <0.05). In addition, mediation effects on the association between tryptophan intake and MetSyn risk were observed for sleep duration (estimated mediation percentage: 26.5%). Conclusion Our study demonstrated a negative association between dietary tryptophan and MetSyn incidence, and the mediation effect of sleep duration on this association, after adjusting for numerous confounders such as nutrients and food patterns. These findings may have important public health implications for the improvement of cardiometabolic health.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary Tryptophan and the Risk of Metabolic Syndrome: Total Effect and Mediation Effect of Sleep Duration

Wang¹,

Liu²,

Tian³

et al. 2021

NSS

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“…This finding substantiates the above results and findings imply that restrictive eating/dieting may lead to specific sleep disturbance in ARFID. Indeed tryptophan, a precursor of serotonin, decreases with restricted eating, and its supplementation has shown to improve sleep quality [ 28 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sleep and Avoidant Restrictive Food Intake Disorder (ARFID): Correlation With Psychopathology, Gender, and Academic Performance

Mahr¹,

Brennan²,

Billman³

et al. 2022

Cureus

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Objective No studies have investigated sleep disturbance in avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID). We examined sleep disturbance in ARFID and its association with eating problems, body mass index (BMI), gender, internalizing and externalizing symptoms, cognitive performance, and academic difficulties. Methods Data from 71 ARFID patients from our partial hospitalization program (PHP) for children and adolescents were examined. Sleep data were extracted from measures administered at admission including Achenbach Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL), Children's Depression Inventory (CDI), and Revised Children's Manifest Anxiety Scale (RCMAS). Correlational analyses were conducted to evaluate the convergent validity of parent-reported and participant-reported sleep problems. Association with the severity of eating problems, BMI, percentage of median body weight (% MBW), age, gender, psychotropic medication, psychopathology, and academic difficulties was examined using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Pearson’s correlation. Results Fifty-two percent of parents and 74% of participants reported two or more sleep symptoms. Trouble sleeping was reported by 46.48% and nightmares by 35.21% of parents. Parent-reported trouble sleeping highly correlated with internalizing disorders. Parent-reported trouble sleeping and participant-reported difficulty sleeping positively correlated with attention and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) problems. Parent-reported less sleep and feeling tired correlated with sluggish cognitive tempo, while walking/talking in sleep negatively correlated with school performance. Gender differences were noted in parent-reported sleep problems. Sleep disturbances were not associated with lower BMI or median body weight at intake. Parent-reported talking/walking in sleep and participant-reported bad dreams and bedtime worries positively correlated with Children's Eating Attitudes Test (ChEAT) scores at intake and discharge. Discussion Our results provide compelling evidence to screen for sleep disturbance in ARFID patients regardless of median body weight and BMI. Exploration of sleep disturbances in ARFID using objective measures is warranted.

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“…One of the essential advantages of TRP is improving sleep quality, followed by reducing the latency to sleep [ 146 , 147 ]. In another study, Schneider-Helmert and Spinweber presented a comprehensive overview to evaluate the influence of TRP on sleep and its efficiency in curing insomnia.…”

Section: Pharmacological Influences Of Trp In Neuropsychiatric Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Tryptophan Metabolites in Neuropsychiatric Disorders

Davidson

Rashidi

Nurgali

et al. 2022

IJMS

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In recent decades, neuropsychiatric disorders such as major depressive disorder, schizophrenia, bipolar, etc., have become a global health concern, causing various detrimental influences on patients. Tryptophan is an important amino acid that plays an indisputable role in several physiological processes, including neuronal function and immunity. Tryptophan’s metabolism process in the human body occurs using different pathways, including the kynurenine and serotonin pathways. Furthermore, other biologically active components, such as serotonin, melatonin, and niacin, are by-products of Tryptophan pathways. Current evidence suggests that a functional imbalance in the synthesis of Tryptophan metabolites causes the appearance of pathophysiologic mechanisms that leads to various neuropsychiatric diseases. This review summarizes the pharmacological influences of tryptophan and its metabolites on the development of neuropsychiatric disorders. In addition, tryptophan and its metabolites quantification following the neurotransmitters precursor are highlighted. Eventually, the efficiency of various biomarkers such as inflammatory, protein, electrophysiological, genetic, and proteomic biomarkers in the diagnosis/treatment of neuropsychiatric disorders was discussed to understand the biomarker application in the detection/treatment of various diseases.

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The impact of tryptophan supplementation on sleep quality: a systematic review, meta-analysis, and meta-regression

Cited by 20 publications

References 42 publications

Dietary Tryptophan and the Risk of Metabolic Syndrome: Total Effect and Mediation Effect of Sleep Duration

Dietary Tryptophan and the Risk of Metabolic Syndrome: Total Effect and Mediation Effect of Sleep Duration

Sleep and Avoidant Restrictive Food Intake Disorder (ARFID): Correlation With Psychopathology, Gender, and Academic Performance

The Role of Tryptophan Metabolites in Neuropsychiatric Disorders

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