The impact of transitions from employment to retirement on suicidal behaviour among older aged Australians

Page, Andrew; Sperandei, Sandro; Spittal, Matthew J; Milner, Allison; Pirkis, Jane

doi:10.1007/s00127-020-01947-0

Cited by 10 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Another element that closely affects older people concerns the transition from working life to retirement, which often has a negative effect especially in men, in the first 2–3 years after the beginning of the pension ( De Leo and Diekstra, 1990 ). A recent Australian study, based on a cohort of more than 250,000 participants aged 45 and over, showed that suicide and attempted suicide were significantly associated with exclusion from work due to illness, disability or household commitments, or to the state of ‘forced’ retirement ( Page et al, 2020 ).…”

Section: Risk Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Proof of this is the fact that older people can particularly benefit from social support, able to improve their condition of loneliness even in the absence of pharmacological or psychotherapeutic measures ( Salsi, 2007 ). Furthermore, being married ( Harwood et al, 2000 ; Kolves et al, 2015 ; Page et al, 2020 ) or living in areas with a higher concentration of single-parent families ( Ngamini Ngui et al, 2015 ), having a good educational level and a solid economic situation, as well as being involved in social and religious activities ( Fiske et al, 2009 ; Krause, 2006 ), all constitute additional elements of protection.…”

Section: Protective Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…and that focus on protective factors related to social integration. For example, it has been shown that services designed to facilitate the transition from working life to retirement, with particular attention to the emotional, social and financial aspects of this change, can prevent suicidal behavior in old age ( Page et al, 2020 ). Additional protective factors such as problem solving and a good perception of autonomy and control ( Donald et al, 2006 ) may inspire prevention programs based on promoting self-help and positive coping ( Wand et al, 2020 ).…”

Section: Preventionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Suicide in late life: A viewpoint

Leo

Giannotti²

2021

Preventive Medicine

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Suicide in old age represents a sad public health concern. Despite the global decline in rates of suicide and the general amelioration of quality of life and access to health care for older adults, their rates of suicide remain the highest virtually in every part of the world. With the aging of the world population and the growing number of mononuclear families, the risk of an increase in isolation, loneliness and dependency does not appear ungrounded. The Covid-19 pandemic is claiming the life of many older persons and creating unprecedented conditions of distress, particularly for this segment of the population. This article briefly examines the main characteristics of suicidal behavior in late life, including observations deriving from the spread of the Sars-2 coronavirus and possible strategies for prevention.

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Section: Risk Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Protective Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Preventionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Suicide in late life: A viewpoint

Leo

Giannotti²

2021

Preventive Medicine

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“…Detailed information on the study participants has been published elsewhere [9]. Briefly, data from the Sax Institute s 45 and Up Study (a large prospective cohort of individuals aged ≥45 years from New South Wales (NSW), Australia) were used for this study [19].…”

Section: Study Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, some studies indicate that compared to involuntary retirement (e.g., due to ill health, or to take care of a sick or disabled family member), voluntary retirement is associated with better mental health outcomes [7,8]. Additionally, risk of attempted suicide has been shown to be higher among those who retire involuntarily compared to those who retire voluntarily [9]. Retirement among older age-groups represents a significant life transition phase, which can be associated with financial insecurity, and social and psychological distress, especially for those retiring due to external pressures (e.g., redundancy or ill-health) [10,11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Employment Transitions and Mental Health in a Cohort of 45 Years and Older Australians

Arya

Sperandei

Spittal

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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Background: This study investigated the associations between employment transitions and psychological distress among a cohort of 45 years and older Australians. Methods: This study was based on the 45 and Up Study, a large prospective cohort of participants aged 45 years and older (N = 267,153), followed up over the period 2006–2015. The risk of psychological distress was compared between various employment transitions categories by specifying an ordered logistic regression model adjusting for confounders. Results: Compared to participants who remained employed at baseline and follow-up, higher psychological distress was found among those who transitioned from being employed to unemployed (OR = 2.68, 95%CI 2.13–3.33) and to not being in the labour force or retired (OR = 2.21, 95%CI 1.85–2.62). Higher psychological distress was also evident among those who remained unemployed from baseline to follow-up (OR = 2.00, 95%CI 1.10–3.43), and those who transitioned from being retired to being unemployed (OR = 1.55, 95%CI 1.03–2.27). Conversely, lower psychological distress was found among those who transitioned from being unemployed to being employed (OR = 0.35, 95%CI 0.25–0.51). In general, lower psychological distress was found among ‘positive’ employment transitions (transitioning to being employed or retired). Conclusions: Policies focussing on re-employment in older age, as well as unemployment schemes, might be helpful in reducing psychological distress among middle- and old-age Australians.

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Work and suicide: An interdisciplinary systematic literature review

et al. 2021

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Although organizational scholars have long been interested in employees' wellbeing and occupational health, less work has focused specifically on suicide behaviors among employees. This dearth of research is concerning given that individuals spend a significant portion of their waking hours at work, and suicide deaths among American workers are on the rise. To encourage the study of work and suicide with the intent of ultimately reducing mortality, we first provide a theoretical framework that incorporates two eminent theories of suicide: interpersonalpsychological theory of suicide and psychache theory of suicide. We then report the findings of an interdisciplinary systematic literature review that offers an overview of current research related to work and suicide, including antecedent, mediating, and moderating effects. The results of our systematic literature review are presented via the lens of our theoretical framework, supporting that it is an appropriate perspective to understand the relation of work and suicide. Finally, we conclude by identifying avenues for continued research on the interplay between work and suicide, again incorporating these research directions into our theoretical framework. Together, our manuscript integrates multiple domains of research, while addressing a timely and critical public health crisis that stems, in part, from employees' workplace experiences.

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The impact of transitions from employment to retirement on suicidal behaviour among older aged Australians

Cited by 10 publications

References 28 publications

Suicide in late life: A viewpoint

Suicide in late life: A viewpoint

Employment Transitions and Mental Health in a Cohort of 45 Years and Older Australians

Work and suicide: An interdisciplinary systematic literature review

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