The Impact of the SARS Epidemic on the Utilization of Medical Services: SARS and the Fear of SARS

Chang, Hong; Huang, Nicole; Lee, Cheng Hua; Hsu, Yea Jen; Hsieh, Chung‐Ching; Chou, Yiing Jenq

doi:10.2105/ajph.94.4.562

Cited by 248 publications

(267 citation statements)

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“…Four diseases that have spilled over from bats to humans and have resulted in epidemics are Ebola and Marburg viruses in Africa (Leroy et al 2005) and severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) Coronavirus and Nipah virus in east Asia (Chua 2003; He et al 2004; Leroy et al 2005; Li et al 2005; Wang and Eaton 2007). Some of these outbreaks have had long-term devastating consequences, from the loss of thousands of human lives to the collapse of the already imperilled public health systems that prevent, control and treat other diseases (Chang et al 2004; Plucisnki et al 2015). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Climate Change Could Increase the Geographic Extent of Hendra Virus Spillover Risk

et al. 2018

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Disease risk mapping is important for predicting and mitigating impacts of bat-borne viruses, including Hendra virus (Paramyxoviridae:Henipavirus), that can spillover to domestic animals and thence to humans. We produced two models to estimate areas at potential risk of HeV spillover explained by the climatic suitability for its flying fox reservoir hosts, Pteropus alecto and P. conspicillatus. We included additional climatic variables that might affect spillover risk through other biological processes (such as bat or horse behaviour, plant phenology and bat foraging habitat). Models were fit with a Poisson point process model and a log-Gaussian Cox process. In response to climate change, risk expanded southwards due to an expansion of P. alecto suitable habitat, which increased the number of horses at risk by 175–260% (110,000–165,000). In the northern limits of the current distribution, spillover risk was highly uncertain because of model extrapolation to novel climatic conditions. The extent of areas at risk of spillover from P. conspicillatus was predicted shrink. Due to a likely expansion of P. alecto into these areas, it could replace P. conspicillatus as the main HeV reservoir. We recommend: (1) HeV monitoring in bats, (2) enhancing HeV prevention in horses in areas predicted to be at risk, (3) investigate and develop mitigation strategies for areas that could experience reservoir host replacements.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1007/s10393-018-1322-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Climate Change Could Increase the Geographic Extent of Hendra Virus Spillover Risk

et al. 2018

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“…4 Individual perception of disease is a combination of several determinants, such as beliefs and attitudes which together converge to subjective judgement. 5,6 Personal knowledge of disease also plays an important role in the extent of an individual's reactions to vaccination and can In 2011, a large number of european countries faced measles outbreaks, France accounting for more than half of the reported cases. The Rhône-alpes region, located in south-east France, was one of the most affected provinces, with an incidence rate of 97.9 cases per 100 000 inhabitants.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Knowledge and risk perception of measles and factors associated with vaccination decisions in subjects consulting university affiliated public hospitals in Lyon, France, after measles infection

Touré

Saadatian‐Elahi

Floret

et al. 2014

Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics

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In 2011, a large number of European countries faced measles outbreaks, France accounting for more than half of the reported cases. The Rhône-Alpes region, located in south-east France, was one of the most affected provinces, with an incidence rate of 97.9 cases per 100 000 inhabitants. We conducted a retrospective survey of adults and parents of children consulting university affiliated public hospitals because of measles infections between January 1, 2010 and September 2012 in Lyon, France. Our main objectives were to evaluate (1) the level of study population knowledge of measles, (2) vaccination practices, and (3) changes in opinion with regard to measles vaccination after disease onset. Overall, 73.64% of patients were not vaccinated or partially vaccinated. The main reason for non-vaccination in children was inappropriate age while among non-vaccinated adults, 29.3% could not give any reason. In total, 29.1% of the responding parents and 24.2% of adult cases were opposed to vaccination "in principle." A large number of patients did not recognize measles as a serious illness and were unaware of its complications. Among parents of infected children, knowledge of transmission mode (odds ratio [OR] = 5.9; 95% confidence interval [95% CI]: 1.64-21.26), perceived severity of measles (OR = 1.5; 95% CI: 1.06-2.13), and absence of hepatitis B vaccination (OR = 0.17; 95% CI: 0.04-0.65) were independently associated with a more positive opinion about measles vaccination after disease onset. In adult patients, low education level (OR = 3.39; 95% CI: 1.03-11.11) and lack of knowledge of sequelae (OR = 10.19; 95% CI: 1.14-91.31) were linked with a more positive opinion. Individuals affected by vaccine-preventable diseases are interesting populations to study disease impact on vaccine perception.

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“…3 However, unlike our study, the Taiwan study was performed in a country strongly affected by the outbreak.…”

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confidence: 78%

“…Few analyses of the economic burden of the SARS outbreak have been published. 3,4 In France, after the World Health Organization alert about the SARS outbreak, a SARS surveillance system was implemented. 5 All persons suspected of having SARS were transported to the closest of 9 university departments of infectious diseases that were designated as referral centers for SARS management.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Costs Attributable to an Outbreak of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome at a French Hospital

Yazdanpanah

Daval

Alfandari

et al. 2006

Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol.

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Other potential reservoirs (eg, shaving cream, povidoneiodine solution, water supplies, and an alcohol-based mouthwash) were culture negative for B. cepacia.Samples were obtained from unopened bottles of mouthwash distributed around the hospital that belonged to different batches, and the samples were cultured. Batches distributed from August 2004 through September 2004 were not contaminated. Batches distributed from April-2005 through July 2005 were highly contaminated. No other samples were available for analysis. The distribution of contaminated batches matched the substantial increase in the incidence of B. cepacia infection or colonization.Strains from 5 patients and 6 mouthwash samples were submitted for identification to our reference center (National Center of Microbiology, Health Institute Carlos III, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain). Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis of Xbal-digested genomic DNA was performed with a Chief DR-III system (Bio-Rad) according to conditions described elsewhere, 10 with several modifications. Briefly, electrophoresis was carried out in a 1.2% agarose gel for 22 hours at 6 V/cm with pulse times ranging from 5 to 35 seconds. Molecular mass markers were concatameters of phage X New England (Biolabs, UK). Electrophoretic patterns showed that all the strains were identical (Figure).On July 18, the use of the mouthwash product in our hospital was discontinued, and the last isolate of B. cepacia was obtained on July 22, 2005. The methods of production and distribution and the extent of use of this mouthwash in other hospitals are now being investigated by the Spanish Department of Health. At the moment, no information is available on the rate of B. cepacia infection or colonization at other hospitals that used the same product distributed by the same company as at our hospital.Our findings strongly suggest that intrinsically contaminated alcohol-free mouthwash solution was the source of this large outbreak involving predisposed adults in ICU. To date, 2 similar outbreaks in which B. cepacia was isolated from culture of respiratory tract specimens from patients without cystic fibrosis have been traced to intrinsically contaminated alcohol-free mouthwash in North America. More-thorough surveillance of microbiological contamination of alcohol-free products used in adults predisposed to infection should be mandatory. These findings highlight the importance of hospital surveillance and investigation of unusual clusters of infection and colonization to promptly identify unexpected sources of pathogens and to protect patients at risk.

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The Impact of the SARS Epidemic on the Utilization of Medical Services: SARS and the Fear of SARS

Cited by 248 publications

References 10 publications

Climate Change Could Increase the Geographic Extent of Hendra Virus Spillover Risk

Climate Change Could Increase the Geographic Extent of Hendra Virus Spillover Risk

Knowledge and risk perception of measles and factors associated with vaccination decisions in subjects consulting university affiliated public hospitals in Lyon, France, after measles infection

Analysis of Costs Attributable to an Outbreak of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome at a French Hospital

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