The Impact of the Pharmaceutical Industry of Hyderabad in the Pollution of the Godavari River

D’Sa, Sandra; Patnaik, Debasis

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-35237-0_3

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 42 publications

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“…After ingestion, PhACs (including antibiotics, stimulants, and illicit drugs) and their metabolites end in human excreta (urine and faeces) and reach the environment via direct discharge or discharge of treated effluents from municipal wastewater systems [5,6]. Many low and middle-income countries host pharmaceutical industries that produce wastewater, which often receives poor treatment, e.g., ending up in the environment or discharged into municipal sewage systems [7][8][9]. For effective removal of PhACs from wastewater, tertiary treatment steps involving nanotechnologies, adsorption, membrane technologies,…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmaceutical and Antibiotic Pollutant Levels in Wastewater and the Waters of the Zarqa River, Jordan

et al. 2021

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Assamra wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) is the largest treatment facility in Jordan. Treated wastewater is discharged into the Zarqa River (ZR) and used to irrigate fodder and vegetables. ZR also includes surface runoff, stormwater, and raw wastewater illegally discharged into the river. This study examined pharmaceutically active compounds (PhAC) in water resources in the ZR basin. Samples of WWTP influent and effluent and river water from four sites along ZR were collected. Concentrations of 18 target antibiotics, one stimulant, and 15 other PhACs were determined in the samples. Five antibiotics were detected in WWTP influent (510–860 ng L−1 for ∑Antibiotics) and six in the effluent (2300–2600 ng L−1 for ∑Antibiotics). Concentrations in the effluent of all antibiotics except clarithromycin increased by 2- to 5-fold compared with those in influent, while clarithromycin concentration decreased by around 4- fold (from 308 to 82 ng L−1). WWTP influent and effluent samples contained 14 non-antibiotic PhACs, one simulant, and six antibiotics at detectable concentrations. The dominant PhACs were paracetamol (74% of ∑PhACs) in the influent and carbamazepine (78% of ∑PhACs) in the effluent. At ZR sampling sites, carbamazepine was the dominant PhAC in all cases (800–2700 ng L−1). The antibiotics detected in WWTP effluent were also detected at the ZR sites. In summary, water in ZR is contaminated with PhACs, including antibiotics, and wastewater discharge seems to be the main pathway for this contamination. The occurrence of antibiotics and other PhACs in the irrigated soil requires investigation to assess their fate.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmaceutical and Antibiotic Pollutant Levels in Wastewater and the Waters of the Zarqa River, Jordan

et al. 2021

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Facile hydrothermal synthesis of Cu-doped MoS2 nanomaterial: a potential photocatalyst for degradation of MB dye

Iqbal,

Jameel,

Farooq

et al. 2023

Opt Quant Electron

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The catalytic and ROS-scavenging activities of green synthesized, antiferromagnetic α-Fe₂O₃ nanoparticle with a prismatic octahedron morphology from pomegranate rind extract

et al. 2021

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Phenolic compounds (like 4-nitrophenol) and dyes (like methyl orange) are common by-products discharged by many industries as wastes; they are toxic and may induce discomfort and irritation in humans when ingested. Most of these compounds can be made less toxic through catalytic degradation. Metal oxide nanoparticles are found to have high catalytic activity and can degrade toxic phenolic compounds and dyes. In the current study, pomegranate rind extract was used for the green synthesis of iron oxide nanoparticles that exhibited an octahedron morphology revealed by scanning electron microscopy analysis. Energy dispersive x-ray analysis showed 47.96% content of Fe (by weight); high resolution-transmission electron microscopy analysis confirmed that the nanoparticles had a particle size of 22.54 ± 4.13 nm. The particles were further characterized by x-ray diffraction, fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy, vibrating sample magnetometer, and thermogravimetric analysis. The nanoparticle proved to be efficient in reducing 4-nitrophenol and methyl orange. It was also found to be non-toxic towards murine macrophages, RAW 264.7 with good ROS-scavenging potential compared to control.

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The Impact of the Pharmaceutical Industry of Hyderabad in the Pollution of the Godavari River

Cited by 3 publications

References 42 publications

Pharmaceutical and Antibiotic Pollutant Levels in Wastewater and the Waters of the Zarqa River, Jordan

Pharmaceutical and Antibiotic Pollutant Levels in Wastewater and the Waters of the Zarqa River, Jordan

Facile hydrothermal synthesis of Cu-doped MoS2 nanomaterial: a potential photocatalyst for degradation of MB dye

The catalytic and ROS-scavenging activities of green synthesized, antiferromagnetic α-Fe₂O₃ nanoparticle with a prismatic octahedron morphology from pomegranate rind extract

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The Impact of the Pharmaceutical Industry of Hyderabad in the Pollution of the Godavari River

Cited by 3 publications

References 42 publications

Pharmaceutical and Antibiotic Pollutant Levels in Wastewater and the Waters of the Zarqa River, Jordan

Pharmaceutical and Antibiotic Pollutant Levels in Wastewater and the Waters of the Zarqa River, Jordan

Facile hydrothermal synthesis of Cu-doped MoS2 nanomaterial: a potential photocatalyst for degradation of MB dye

The catalytic and ROS-scavenging activities of green synthesized, antiferromagnetic α-Fe2O3 nanoparticle with a prismatic octahedron morphology from pomegranate rind extract

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The catalytic and ROS-scavenging activities of green synthesized, antiferromagnetic α-Fe₂O₃ nanoparticle with a prismatic octahedron morphology from pomegranate rind extract