2022
DOI: 10.3390/ijms23010488
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The Impact of the Microbiome on Resistance to Cancer Treatment with Chemotherapeutic Agents and Immunotherapy

Abstract: Understanding the mechanisms of resistance to therapy in human cancer cells has become a multifaceted limiting factor to achieving optimal cures in cancer patients. Besides genetic and epigenetic alterations, enhanced DNA damage repair activity, deregulation of cell death, overexpression of transmembrane transporters, and complex interactions within the tumor microenvironment, other mechanisms of cancer treatment resistance have been recently proposed. In this review, we will summarize the preclinical and clin… Show more

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Cited by 42 publications
(31 citation statements)
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References 194 publications
(227 reference statements)
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“…Mounting evidence from pre-clinical and clinical studies has documented the critical role of the human gut microbiome in the development of different types of cancer, including gastrointestinal and breast tumors, lymphomas, lung cancer, and many others [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 ]. In addition, the association between gut microbiota composition and cancer treatment efficacy highlights the potential of a microbiota-related approach in clinical oncology [ 6 ].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Mounting evidence from pre-clinical and clinical studies has documented the critical role of the human gut microbiome in the development of different types of cancer, including gastrointestinal and breast tumors, lymphomas, lung cancer, and many others [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 ]. In addition, the association between gut microbiota composition and cancer treatment efficacy highlights the potential of a microbiota-related approach in clinical oncology [ 6 ].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Multiple studies have shown that patients who did not receive antibiotics within 1-3 months before immunotherapy and had a rich fecal microbiota tended to respond better to ICIs [68]. Thus, consistent with the results of several clinical trials and conventional treatment, antibiotic exposure may reduce overall survival in patients receiving immunotherapy [69,70]. For example, in a prospective study, Pinato et al compared survival in 26 cancer patients who received antibiotics 30 days before ICIs with 151 who did not.…”
Section: The Limitations Of Fecal Microbiota Transplantation In Immun...mentioning
confidence: 64%
“…The favorable clinical outcome during anti-PD1 therapy was linked to the presence of Akkermansia muciniphila , as well as to high diversity and abundance of Clostridiales/Ruminococcaceae / Faecalibacterium, Bifidobacterium longum , Collinsella aerofaciens , and Enterococcus faecium . Conversely, the poor responders harbored a low diversity and high abundance of Bacteroidales ( Robert et al, 2011 ; Sivan et al, 2015 ; Gopalakrishnan et al, 2018 ; Mao et al, 2021 ; Wong et al, 2021 ; Sevcikova et al, 2022 ).…”
Section: Gut Microbiota–antibiotics–antitumoral Agents Trialoguementioning
confidence: 99%