The Impact of the Mediterranean Diet and Lifestyle Intervention on Lipoprotein Subclass Profiles among Metabolic Syndrome Patients: Findings of a Randomized Controlled Trial

Candás-Estébanez, Beatriz; Fernández-Cidón, Bárbara; Corbella, Emili; Tebé, Cristian; Fanlo-Maresma, Marta; Esteve-Luque, Virginia; Salas-Salvadó, Jordi; Fitó, Montserrat; Riera-Mestre, Antoni; Ros, Emilio; Pintó, Xavier

doi:10.3390/ijms25021338

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 64 publications

(81 reference statements)

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“…Nutrients 2024, 16, x FOR PEER REVIEW 3 of 17 compared to MD recommendations without caloric restrictions, with the conclusion that the MD combined with caloric restrictions plus increased physical activity reduced plasma triglycerides and increased HDL-cholesterol particles, and also reduced weight, indicating beneficial changes against cardiovascular disease [18]. Furthermore, a review suggests that MD adherence can be considered the first step in the treatment of MetS [26].…”

Section: Study Populationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A meta-analysis of 4 randomized controlled trials and 32 cohort studies found that higher adherence to the MD was associated with improved cardiovascular health outcomes, including significant reductions in rates of cardiac ischemia, cerebrovascular ischemia, and total heart diseases [ 8 ]. Likewise, numerous studies have confirmed the protective effects of the MD against various chronic diseases, including type 2 diabetes mellitus [ 9 , 10 , 11 ], cardiovascular diseases [ 12 , 13 ], cognitive impairment [ 14 ], certain types of cancer [ 15 ], aging disorders [ 16 , 17 ], and metabolic syndrome (MetS) [ 18 ]. Likewise, greater adherence to the MD was linked to a 23% reduction in the risk of all-cause mortality [ 19 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, there are fewer studies that analyze the relationship between the MD with SD and with each of its components, as we propose in this work. Thus, a sub-analysis carried out with data from the PREDIMED-Plus randomized controlled trial assessed the effects of an intervention aimed at losing weight based on a MD with caloric restrictions and the promotion of physical activity, compared to MD recommendations without caloric restrictions, with the conclusion that the MD combined with caloric restrictions plus increased physical activity reduced plasma triglycerides and increased HDL-cholesterol particles, and also reduced weight, indicating beneficial changes against cardiovascular disease [ 18 ]. Furthermore, a review suggests that MD adherence can be considered the first step in the treatment of MetS [ 26 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Relationship between the Mediterranean Diet and Metabolic Syndrome and Each of the Components That Form It in Caucasian Subjects: A Cross-Sectional Trial

Gómez-Sánchez,

Tamayo-Morales

et al. 2024

Nutrients

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The main objective of this work is to investigate the relationship between the Mediterranean diet (MD) and metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its components in Caucasian subjects between 35 and 74 years. The secondary objective is to analyze sex differences. Methods: A cross-sectional trial. This study utilized data from the EVA, MARK, and EVIDENT studies, and a total of 3417 subjects with a mean age ± SD of 60.14 ± 9.14 years (57% men) were included. We followed the five criteria established in the National Cholesterol Education Program III to define MetS. The MD was assessed with the 14-item Mediterranean diet adherence screener (MEDAS) used in the PREDIMED study. Good adherence was considered when the MD value was higher than the median value. Results: The mean ± SD value of the MEDAS questionnaire was 5.83 ± 2.04 (men 5.66 ± 2.06 and women 6.04 ± 1.99; p < 0.001). Adherence to the MD was observed by 38.6% (34.3% men and 40.3% women; p < 0.001). MetS was observed in 41.6% (39.0% men and 45.2% women; p < 0.001). In the multiple regression analysis, after adjusting for possible confounders, the mean MD value showed a negative association with the number of MetS components per subject (β = −0.336), and with the different components of MetS: systolic blood pressure (β = −0.011), diastolic blood pressure (β = −0.029), glycemia (β = −0.009), triglycerides (β = −0.004), and waist circumference (β = −0.026), except with the HDL-cholesterol value which showed a positive association (β = 0.021); p < 0.001 in all cases. In the logistic regression analysis performed, we found that an increase in MD adherence was associated with a decrease in the probability of MetS (OR = 0.56) and its components: blood pressure levels ≥ 130/85 mmHg (OR = 0.63), fasting plasma glucose ≥ 100 mg/dL (OR = 0.62), triglyceride levels ≥ 150 mg/dL (OR = 0.65), waist circumference levels ≥ 88 cm in women and ≥102 cm in men (OR = 0.74), and increased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol < 40 mg/dL in men and <50 mg/dL in women (OR = 1.70); p < 0.001 in all cases. The results by sex were similar, both in multiple regression and logistic regression. Conclusions: The results found in our work indicate that the greater the adherence to the MD, the lower the probability of presenting MetS. This result is repeated in the study by sex. More studies are needed to clarify that these results can be extended to the rest of the Mediterranean countries, and to other countries outside the Mediterranean basin.

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Section: Study Populationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Relationship between the Mediterranean Diet and Metabolic Syndrome and Each of the Components That Form It in Caucasian Subjects: A Cross-Sectional Trial

Gómez-Sánchez,

Tamayo-Morales

et al. 2024

Nutrients

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“…It is widely established that patients with metabolic syndrome (MetS), characterized by elevated triglyceride (TG) levels, decreased levels of HDL-C, and increased levels of small dense LDL particles (sd-LDL), exhibit alterations in lipoprotein structure and function. A study led by Dr. Pintó investigated the impact of the Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) and weight loss on lipoprotein subclasses within the PREDIMED-Plus trial, utilizing advanced lipoprotein testing (ADLT) based on nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry (NMR) [ 1 ]. Specifically, MetS patients were assigned to a group consisting of an energy-reduced MedDiet (er-MedDiet) with physical activity (PA) promotion or a control group.…”

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confidence: 99%

Apolipoproteins and Lipoproteins in Health and Disease 2.0

Rotllan,

Escolà-Gil

2024

IJMS

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Usefulness of the ECORE-BF Scale to Determine Atherogenic Risk in 386,924 Spanish Workers

Marina Arroyo,

Ramírez Gallegos,

López-González

et al. 2024

Nutrients

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Background: Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death worldwide. Obesity and atherosclerosis are considered risk factors for this pathology. There are multiple methods to evaluate obesity, in the same way as there are different formulas to determine atherogenic risk. Since both pathologies are closely related, the objective of our work was to evaluate whether the ECORE-BF scale is capable of predicting atherogenic risk. Methods: Observational, descriptive, and cross-sectional study in which 386,924 workers from several autonomous communities in Spain participated. The association between the ECORE-BF scale and five atherogenic risk indices was evaluated. The relationship between variables was assessed using the chi-square test and Student’s t test in independent samples. Multivariate analysis was performed with the multinomial logistic regression test, calculating the odds ratio and 95% confidence intervals, with the Hosmer–Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test. ROC curves established the cut-off points for moderate and high vascular age and determined the Youden index. Results: The mean values of the ECORE-BF scale were higher in individuals with atherogenic dyslipidemia and the lipid triad, as well as in those with elevated values of the three atherogenic indices studied, with p <0.001 in all cases. As atherogenic risk increased across the five evaluated scales, the prevalence of obesity also significantly increased, with p <0.001 in all cases. In the ROC curve analysis, the AUCs for atherogenic dyslipidemia and the lipid triad were above 0.75, indicating a good association between these scales and the ECORE-BF. Although the Youden indices were not exceedingly high, they were around 0.5. Conclusions: There is a good association between atherogenic risk scales, atherogenic dyslipidemia, and lipid triad, and the ECORE-BF scale. The ECORE-BF scale can be a useful and quick tool to evaluate atherogenic risk in primary care and occupational medicine consultations without the need for blood tests.

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The Impact of the Mediterranean Diet and Lifestyle Intervention on Lipoprotein Subclass Profiles among Metabolic Syndrome Patients: Findings of a Randomized Controlled Trial

Cited by 4 publications

References 64 publications

Relationship between the Mediterranean Diet and Metabolic Syndrome and Each of the Components That Form It in Caucasian Subjects: A Cross-Sectional Trial

Relationship between the Mediterranean Diet and Metabolic Syndrome and Each of the Components That Form It in Caucasian Subjects: A Cross-Sectional Trial

Apolipoproteins and Lipoproteins in Health and Disease 2.0

Usefulness of the ECORE-BF Scale to Determine Atherogenic Risk in 386,924 Spanish Workers

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