The impact of the hailstone embryos on simulated surface precipitation

Kovačević, Nemanja; Ćurić, Mladjen

doi:10.1016/j.atmosres.2013.05.013

Cited by 13 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Other interactions between microphysical fields are described in more detail by Kovačević andĆurić (2013Kovačević andĆurić ( , 2015 [7,27]. Figure 2 shows all microphysical processes and precipitation types in the model.…”

Section: Of 22mentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Drizzle-Sized Cloud Particles on Production of Precipitation in Hailstorms: A Sensitivity Study

Kovačević

Veljovic

2018

Atmosphere

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This sensitivity study examined the impact of drizzle on hailstorm characteristics and precipitation on the ground. A cloud-resolving mesoscale model with a two-moment bulk microphysical scheme is modified by introducing mixing ratio and number concentration of drizzle. Therefore, the cloud model integrates the mixing ratio and number concentration of the eight microphysical particles: cloud droplets, drizzle, raindrops, cloud ice, snowflakes, graupel, frozen raindrops and hailstones. We compared two microphysical schemes depending on whether drizzle particles are present or not. It can be noted that the presence of drizzle category slows the development of the rain in the hailstorm and its appearance on the ground. The increased values of radar reflectivity factor in simulations with drizzle are a result of significantly higher values of raindrop number concentration rather than their sizes and indicate the presence of hail as well. There are prominent decreases of the radar reflectivity factor in simulations with drizzle. The occurrence of heavy showers does not exist in results without drizzle. The absence of drizzle category leads to greater accumulations of rain and a wider area of downdrafts. The alternate case produces both weaker downdrafts and smaller area of downdraft cells due to a slower autoconversion of drizzle to rain and a smaller rain evaporation. A smaller amount of surface hail is expected in the non-drizzle case.

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Section: Of 22mentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Drizzle-Sized Cloud Particles on Production of Precipitation in Hailstorms: A Sensitivity Study

Kovačević

Veljovic

2018

Atmosphere

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“…The values of the slope parameter were averaged over all grid points for which hailstones were present. The autoconversion of graupel (P gauth ) and frozen raindrops (P fauth ) to hail are inversely proportional to 1/λ g 4 and 1/λ f 4 [5,21]. The values of the slope parameters λ g and λ f (for the single-moment scheme) lie between the corresponding values for the double-moment scheme over most of the time integration.…”

Section: Hailmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hail mass content decreases through melting and sublimation processes. The some production terms are given in more detail [21].…”

Section: General Model Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A cloud-resolving mesoscale model was used [21] with the option to choose the number of moments of the size distribution function describing any of the microphysical categories. The cloud model calculates time-dependent, non-hydrostatic and fully compressible equations.…”

Section: General Model Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…proportional or equal to the corresponding moment of the size distribution function. Therefore, depending on the number of moments-single-moment [12][13][14][15][16][17], double-moment [18][19][20][21][22] and triple-moment [23][24][25][26]-bulk microphysical schemes can be distinguished.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Precipitation Sensitivity to the Mean Radius of Drop Spectra: Comparison of Single- and Double-Moment Bulk Microphysical Schemes

Kovačević

Ćurić

2015

Atmosphere

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Abstract:In this study, two bulk microphysical schemes were compared across mean radius values of the entire drop spectra. A cloud-resolving mesoscale model was used to analyze surface precipitation characteristics. The model included the following microphysical categories: water vapour, cloud droplets, raindrops, ice crystals, snow, graupel, frozen raindrops and hail. Two bulk schemes were used: a single-moment scheme in which the mean radius was specified as a parameter and a double-moment scheme in which the mean radius of drops was calculated diagnostically with a fixed value for the cloud droplet number concentration. Experiments were conducted out for three values of the mean radius (in the single-moment scheme) and two cloud droplet number concentrations (in the double-moment scheme). There were large differences in the surface precipitation for the two schemes, the simulated precipitation generated by the double-moment scheme had a higher sensitivity. The single-moment scheme generated an unrealistic collection rate of cloud droplets by raindrops and hail as well as unrealistic evaporation of rain and melting of solid hydrometeors; these processes led to inaccurate timing and amounts of surface precipitation.

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Can we modify stratospheric water vapor by deliberate cloud seeding?

Chen

Yin

2014

JGR Atmospheres

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Stratospheric water vapor has an important effect on Earth's climate. Considering the significance of overshooting deep convection in modulating the water vapor content (WVC) of the lower stratosphere (LS), we use a three-dimensional convective cloud model to simulate the effects of various silver iodide (AgI) seeding scenarios on tropical overshooting deep convection that occurred on 30 November 2005 in Darwin, Australia. The primary motivation for this study is to investigate whether the WVC in the LS can be artificially modified by deliberate cloud seeding. It is found that AgI seeding done at the early stages of clouds produces significant effects on cloud microphysical and dynamical properties, and that further affects the WVC in the LS, while seeding at the mature stages of clouds has only a slight impact. The response of stratospheric water vapor to changes in the amount of seeding agent is nonlinear. The seeding with a small (large) amount of AgI increases (decreases) the WVC in the LS, due to enhanced (reduced) production and vertical transport of cloud ice from the troposphere and subsequent sublimation in the stratosphere. The results show that stratospheric water vapor can be artificially altered by deliberate cloud seeding with proper amount of seeding agent. This study also shows an important role of graupel in regulating cloud microphysics and dynamics and in modifying the WVC in the LS.

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The impact of the hailstone embryos on simulated surface precipitation

Cited by 13 publications

References 28 publications

Impact of Drizzle-Sized Cloud Particles on Production of Precipitation in Hailstorms: A Sensitivity Study

Impact of Drizzle-Sized Cloud Particles on Production of Precipitation in Hailstorms: A Sensitivity Study

Precipitation Sensitivity to the Mean Radius of Drop Spectra: Comparison of Single- and Double-Moment Bulk Microphysical Schemes

Can we modify stratospheric water vapor by deliberate cloud seeding?

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