The Impact of the Edinburgh Prison (Scotland) Drug Reduction Programme

Shewan, David; Macpherson, Alexander S.; Reid, Margaret M.; Davies, John B.

doi:10.1111/j.2044-8333.1996.tb00308.x

Cited by 15 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 6 publications

(6 reference statements)

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“…It is important to emphasize, however, that all evaluations needed to report a post-release measure of recidivism. This criterion excluded a few notable evaluations, such as those by Shewan et al (1996) and Dolan et al (2003), which reported in-prison outcomes.…”

Section: Eligibility Criteriamentioning

confidence: 97%

Does incarceration-based drug treatment reduce recidivism? A meta-analytic synthesis of the research

2007

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This research synthesized results from 66 published and unpublished evaluations of incarceration-based drug treatment programs using meta-analysis. Incarceration-based drug treatment programs fell into five types: therapeutic communities (TCs), residential substance abuse treatment (RSAT), group counseling, boot camps specifically for drug offenders, and narcotic maintenance programs. We examined the effectiveness of each of these types of interventions in reducing post-release offending and drug use, and we also examined whether differences in research findings can be explained by variations in methodology, sample, or program features. Our results consistently found support for the effectiveness of TC programs on both outcome measures, and this finding was robust to variations in method, sample, and program features. We also found support for the effectiveness of RSAT and group counseling programs in reducing re-offending, but these programs' effects on drug use were ambiguous. A limited number of evaluations assessed narcotic maintenance or boot camp programs; however, the existing evaluations found mixed support for maintenance programs and no support for boot camps.While there is clear evidence that a substantial proportion of incarcerated offenders are drug dependent, the effectiveness of common incarceration-based drug abuse

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Section: Eligibility Criteriamentioning

confidence: 97%

Does incarceration-based drug treatment reduce recidivism? A meta-analytic synthesis of the research

2007

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“…In most cases, the effectiveness of drug treatment is enhanced by adjunctive psychosocial interventions (Rohsenow, 2004). Combined treatment is possible in prisons, as evidenced by Shewan et al (1996), who evaluated a prison drug treatment programme that combined methadone prescription and counselling, with treatment completers signifi cantly reducing their drug use in prison over those referred but who did not take up treatment.…”

Section: What Is Effectivementioning

confidence: 98%

What works in substance misuse treatments for offenders?

McMurran

2007

Criminal Behav Ment Health

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There is evidence that treatment for substance abuse in correctional settings can work to reduce reoffending, and so it is worth focusing on how the effectiveness of these interventions may be improved. Improving completion rates, developing programmes aimed at specific drug- and alcohol-related offences, introducing stepped care and designing programmes to meet the needs of specific groups of offenders are all considered.

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“…It is important to emphasize, however, all studies needed to report a post-release measure of recidivism. This criterion excluded a few notable studies, such as Shewan, Macpherson, Reid, and Davies (1996) and Dolan, Shearer, MacDonald, Mattick, Hall, and Wodak (2003), which reported in-prison outcomes. And studies conducted before 1980 were excluded in an effort to increase generalizability to current correctional practices.…”

Section: Criteria For Inclusion and Exclusion Of Studies In The Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effectiveness of Incarceration‐Based Drug Treatment on Criminal Behavior: A Systematic Review

Mitchell¹,

Wilson²,

MacKenzie³

2012

Campbell Systematic Reviews

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This updated Campbell systematic review examines the effectiveness incarceration‐based drug treatment interventions in reducing postrelease recidivism and drug use. The review summarises findings from 74 studies, 65 of which were conducted in the United States, four in Canada, three in Australia, one in Taiwan and one in the United Kingdom. The main evidence presented in this review suggests that the effectiveness of treatment programs varies by the type of treatment. These findings most strongly support the effectiveness of therapeutic communities, as these programs produced relatively consistent reductions in recidivism and drug use. Boot camps have no effect on either outcome. These conclusions should be read with caution given the limited number of such evaluations and general methodological weakness. Therapeutic community programs were the only programs to consistently show modest reductions in recidivism and drug relapse however, there is evidence of publication bias that could have over‐estimated its effectiveness. Given all these shortcomings, further evidence regarding the effectiveness of this type of intervention is needed. Structured Abstract BACKGROUNDMany, if not most, incarcerated offenders have substance abuse problems. Without effective treatment, these substance‐abusing offenders are likely to persist in non‐drug offending. The period of incarceration offers an opportunity to intervene in the cycle of drug abuse and crime. Although many types of incarceration‐based drug treatment programs are available (e.g., therapeutic communities and group counseling), the effectiveness of these programs is unclear. OBJECTIVESThe objective of this research synthesis is to systematically review quasi‐experimental and experimental (RCT) evaluations of the effectiveness of incarceration‐based drug treatment programs in reducing post‐release recidivism and drug relapse. A secondary objective of this synthesis is to examine variation in effectiveness by programmatic, sample, and methodological features. In this update of the original 2006 review (see Mitchell, Wilson, and MacKenzie, 2006), studies made available since the original review were included in an effort to keep current with emerging research. SEARCH STRATEGYWe searched bibliographic databases, hand searched select journals, and reviewed websites of several research organizations involved in drug treatment research to identify potentially eligible studies. SEARCH CRITERIAEligible studies needed to assess the effectiveness of incarceration‐based (e.g., jail, prison) drug treatment programs, use experimental or quasi‐experimental comparison group research designs, measured a post‐release recidivism or drug use outcome, and be conducted between 1980 and 2011, inclusive. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSISFrom each evaluation, we coded an effect size that quantified each program's effect on various measures of recidivism and/or drug relapse. We also coded features of the program, research methodology, and sample. We analyzed effect sizes using the random‐effects in...

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The Impact of the Edinburgh Prison (Scotland) Drug Reduction Programme

Abstract: The Edinburgh Prison (Scotland) Drug Reduction Programme was evaluated to assess its impact on clients' drug-using behaviour during their current prison sentence. Thirty drug users who were being prescribed as part of the Drug Reduction * Requests for reprints.

Cited by 15 publications

References 6 publications

Does incarceration-based drug treatment reduce recidivism? A meta-analytic synthesis of the research

Does incarceration-based drug treatment reduce recidivism? A meta-analytic synthesis of the research

What works in substance misuse treatments for offenders?

The Effectiveness of Incarceration‐Based Drug Treatment on Criminal Behavior: A Systematic Review

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