The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on depression and stress levels in pregnant women: a national survey during the COVID-19 pandemic in Mexico

Medina-Jimenez, V.; Bermudez-Rojas, Maria de la Luz; Murillo-Bargas, H.; Rivera-Camarillo, Ana Claudia; Muñoz-Acosta, Jairo; Ramirez-Abarca, Tania Gabriela; Esparza-Valencia, Diana Magdalena; Angeles-Torres, Alejandra Cristina; Lara-Ávila, L.; Hernandez-Muñoz, Veronica Aide; Madrigal-Tejeda, Fernando Javier; Estudillo-Jimenez, Gaston Eduardo; Jacobo-Enciso, Luis Mauricio; Torres-Torres, Johnatan; Sosa, Salvador Espino Y; Baltazar-Martinez, Mariana; Villanueva-Calleja, Job; Nava-Sanchez, Aaron Ezequiel; Mendoza-Carrera, Claudia Elvira; Aguilar-Torres, César; Celis-González, Cuauhtémoc; Martínez-Portilla, Raigam Jafet

doi:10.1080/14767058.2020.1851675

Cited by 36 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Despite the importance of this issue, and although several cross-sectional studies have been published (e.g., Berthelot et al 2020;Dong et al 2020;Durankuş and Aksu 2020;Liu et al 2020;Saccone et al 2020;Sun et al 2020;Zhou et al 2020), to date, there are no longitudinal studies that have monitored the evolution of anxiety and depression indicators in this population. In addition, most of the cross-sectional studies have been conducted in high-income countries, with few studies in low-and middle-income countries (i.e., López Morales et al 2021;Medina-Jimenez et al 2020;Parra-Saavedra et al 2020).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Longitudinal study on prenatal depression and anxiety during the COVID-19 pandemic

López-Morales

Valle

Andrés

et al. 2021

Arch Womens Ment Health

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Several studies have reported the negative impact of the COVID-19 pandemic context on mental health. Given that pregnant women constitute a vulnerable group, they may be at greater risk for developing psychopathological symptoms due to the confinement. The current study aimed to longitudinally analyze the presence and evolution of indicators of depression and anxiety in pregnant and non-pregnant women, and to identify the differential effects of social isolation or distancing measures on these groups. Participants were 105 pregnant and 105 non-pregnant Argentine adult women. They completed the Beck Depression Inventory-II, the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, and closed-ended questions on sociodemographic factors, at four different times. Results showed a progressive increase in anxiety and depressive symptoms in the first 50 days of confinement in both groups, and a slight decrease after approximately 150 days. Pregnant women presented a more pronounced initial increase in symptoms, and a weaker decrease at the last wave, compared to the non-pregnant. Results suggest that the pandemic context produces a moderate negative early response and that the initial flexibilizations of sanitary measures (50 days) did not slow down the progression of symptoms (even less in pregnant women). In conclusion, being pregnant could be an extra risk factor for the development of psychopathological symptoms during this pandemic. The particular vulnerability of pregnant women and the associated potential negative effects both on them and on their offspring underline the importance of perinatal health policies aimed at prevention and treatment of possible future consequences.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Longitudinal study on prenatal depression and anxiety during the COVID-19 pandemic

López-Morales

Valle

Andrés

et al. 2021

Arch Womens Ment Health

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“…Again in a study with 503 pregnant women, effects of the COVID‐19 pandemic on depression and stress were investigated, and it was found that the mean perceived stress score was high, similar to our study (27.104 ± 6.328). It was reported that stress level increases in parallel with pregnant women's age and gestational week (Medina‐Jimenez et al, 2020 ). In a study by Wang and Tang ( 2020 ) from China on 4788 women and men aged between 11 and 98 years, it was observed that 44.8% of the participants experienced stress and showed depressive symptoms due to the pandemic, and these rates increased in elderly and nonworking individuals (Wang & Tang 2020 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The relationship between perceived stress, uncertainty emotions and hopelessness regarding pandemics in pregnant women

Fışkın

2021

Journal Community Psychology

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The objective of this study was to determine the emotional reactions of pregnant women towards the pandemic and to increase awareness of healthcare professionals on this subject. In this descriptive, cross‐sectional, and correlational study, an online questionnaire was applied to 375 pregnant women ( n = 375). Data were collected with pregnant information form, Intolerance of Uncertainty Scale and Beck Hopelessness Scale. The mean age of the pregnant women was 29.495 ± 4.301, and the mean gestational week was 27.469 ± 7.971. Pregnant women's levels of perceived stress and intolerance to uncertainty were high. There was a moderate positive correlation between stress and uncertainty levels of the women who stated that they experienced mild hopelessness. It is recommended to identify risky groups and provide the necessary psychological support by health professionals during the pandemic.

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“…Previous reports have asserted that the COVID-19 pandemic influences the psychological status of pregnant women. [4][5][6][7] However, the COVID-19 pandemic situation in Japan differed from that found in other countries, in terms of the urgency of action of the medical system and the numbers of critically ill and total infected patients. In Japan, the COVID-19 pandemic started in February 2020, and the first wave occurred in April 2020, with a peak of approximately 700 cases per day.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Psychological stress among pregnant and puerperal women in Japan during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic

Obata

Miyagi

Haruyama

et al. 2021

J of Obstet and Gynaecol

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Aim: To evaluate psychological stress among pregnant and puerperal women in Japan during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, we recruited pregnant women and puerperal women who delivered between January and September 2020 in Japan, using an online questionnaire. Participants were divided into low, middle, and high groups according to the degree of the epidemic in their region of residence. Related factors were analyzed using the chi-squared test. The relationship between COVID-19 epidemic regions and depression risks and anxiety using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) and Kessler 6 scale (K6) was evaluated using a univariate and multivariable logistic regression model. Results: Overall, 7775 cases, including 4798 pregnant and 2977 puerperal women, were analyzed. The prevalence of high EPDS and K6 scores was significantly increased in pregnant women in the high than those in the low epidemic regions (EPDS: adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.453, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.205-1.753; K6: aOR 1.601, 95% CI 1.338-1.918). There was no difference in EPDS score, but the prevalence of high K6 scores was significantly increased in puerperal women in the high than those in the low epidemic regions (aOR 1.342, 95% CI 1.066-1.690). Further, restriction on going to their hometown for delivery increased the prevalence of high EPDS scores among pregnant (aOR 1.663, 95% CI 1.296-2.133) and puerperal women (aOR 1.604, 95% CI 1.006-2.557). Conclusions: Decreased support due to the COVID-19 pandemic affected the psychological status of pregnant and puerperal women; hence, investing medical resources in their healthcare essential.

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The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on depression and stress levels in pregnant women: a national survey during the COVID-19 pandemic in Mexico

Cited by 36 publications

References 12 publications

Longitudinal study on prenatal depression and anxiety during the COVID-19 pandemic

Longitudinal study on prenatal depression and anxiety during the COVID-19 pandemic

The relationship between perceived stress, uncertainty emotions and hopelessness regarding pandemics in pregnant women

Psychological stress among pregnant and puerperal women in Japan during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic

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