The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Individuals with Down Syndrome: A Croatian Survey

Abstract

Background Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 infection has spread uncontrollably worldwide. Among the most vulnerable groups in society are populations with multiple comorbidities, including individuals with Down syndrome (DS). Aim Our aim was to conduct an online survey to assess the impact of COVID-19 on DS individuals in Croatia. We also explored the views of their parents and caregivers about the challenges they faced during COVID-19. Methods The anonymous online survey was launched in March 2022 and remained open until October 2022. Participants were conducted online through closed group on Facebook. The survey included questions about participant characteristics, medical information, clinical presentation of COVID-19, and challenges faced by the parents during COVID-19. Results A total of 268 surveys were collected and analysed. We found that age and body mass index of DS individuals were significantly and positively correlated with the clinical presentation of COVID-19. Lack of social activities, cancelled therapies, and psychological problems were the most frequently cited challenges during the pandemic. Conclusion Clinicians and caregivers should primarily be alert to the same COVID-19 signs and symptoms that occur in the general population (fever, cough, shortness of breath). Ongoing therapies, social activities, and psychological support should be cited as indispensable for maintaining physical health and emotional well-being in DS individuals.