The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Journal Scholarly Activity Among Female Contributors

Mogensen, Monique A.; Lee, Christoph I.; Carlos, Ruth C.

doi:10.1016/j.jacr.2021.01.011

Cited by 15 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…For example, since COVID-19 emerged as a high-profile, and very publishable subject, it is possible that it was easier for men, who are still more likely to be in leadership and well-funded positions in academia to pick up the topic quickly. Also, women were less likely to function as expert reviewers on articles related to COVID-19, [6][7][8] known to potentially exacerbate a pre-existing gender bias in the peer-review and publishing process. [22][23][24] These might contribute to a vicious cycle that hindered access to COVID-19 publishing especially for women in the early stages of their career.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…5 It is in this setting that concerns have been raised that research and expert reporting on the COVID-19 pandemic has disproportionately involved men as scientific authors. For example, women submitted fewer manuscripts overall, were less available for peer review [6][7][8] and attended fewer funding panel meetings. 7 Also, women first authorship was significantly reduced on preprints and publications about COVID-19 in the USA 9 10 and globally.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Longitudinal analyses of gender differences in first authorship publications related to COVID-19

et al. 2021

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ObjectiveConcerns have been raised that the COVID-19 pandemic has shifted research productivity to the disadvantage of women in academia, particularly in early career stages. In this study, we aimed to assess the pandemic’s effect on women’s COVID-19-related publishing over the first year of the pandemic.Methods and resultsWe compared the gender distribution of first authorships for 42 898 publications on COVID-19 from 1 February 2020 to 31 January 2021 to 483 232 publications appearing in the same journals during the same period the year prior. We found that the gender gap—the percentage of articles on which men versus women were first authors—widened by 14 percentage points during the COVID-19 pandemic, despite many pertinent research fields showing near equal proportions of men and women first authors publishing in the same fields before the pandemic. Longitudinal analyses revealed that the significant initial expansions of the gender gap began to trend backwards to expected values over time in many fields. As women may have been differentially affected depending on their geography, we also assessed the gender distribution of first authorships grouped by countries and geographical areas. While we observed a significant reduction of the shares of women first authors in almost all countries, longitudinal analyses confirmed a resolving trend over time.ConclusionThe reduction in women’s COVID-19-related research output appears particularly concerning as many disciplines informing the response to the pandemic had near equal gender shares of first authorship in the year prior to the pandemic. The acute productivity drain with the onset of the pandemic magnifies deep-rooted obstacles on the way to gender equity in scientific contribution.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Longitudinal analyses of gender differences in first authorship publications related to COVID-19

et al. 2021

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“…A large study of the top 50 medical imaging journals evaluating authorship of submissions from March to May of 2018 ( n = 2,238), 2019 ( n = 2,355) and 2020 ( n = 2,480) showed female first authorship and last authorship in 2018–2019 were 31.6% and 19.3%, respectively, and 32.3% and 20.7% in 2020, respectively [ 10 ]. Another recent study evaluating gender differences in the authorship of publications in the Journal of the American College of Radiology during April to October of 2019 versus the same period in 2020 showed female first authorship being 45% and 39%, respectively, and female corresponding authorship being 42.4% and 37.4%, respectively [ 11 ]. Of note, female last authorship in Pediatric Radiology was higher than the overall frequency in the large-scale study and closer to the frequency of corresponding authorship in the Journal of the American College of Radiology study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Similar trends were shown for radiology. One study showed an overall decreased proportion of female first author submissions during the 2020 study period in comparison to the same period in 2019, as well as a statistically significant lower proportion of female first authors for COVID-19 related publications in the Journal of the American College of Radiology [ 11 ]. This observation was hypothesized to be potentially disadvantageous to academic advancement for women in radiology, especially those in their early career and more likely to have non-work-related responsibilities that were heightened during the early phase of the COVID-19 pandemic.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since the onset of COVID-19, these trends may have been exacerbated. Two studies evaluating trends of gender differences in publications among radiology journals have shown an overall decrease in female first author and last author publications during the early phases of the COVID-19 pandemic in comparison to respective time periods in previous years [ 10 , 11 ]. The overall proportion of women practicing in radiology has been stable at 25% since 2012 [ 12 ]; however, pediatric radiology is one of few radiology subspecialties with more equal female and male representation [ 13 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Gender trends in authorship of Pediatric Radiology publications and impact of the COVID-19 pandemic

Ayyala

Trout

2021

Pediatr Radiol

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Background The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has heightened existing gender differences in academic productivity in medicine. There have been discrepant repercussions for women in academics due to the pandemic, including fewer publications, potentially impacting academic advancement. Objective To evaluate trends over time in the gender of authors of manuscripts submitted to Pediatric Radiology . Materials and methods This retrospective review of unsolicited manuscripts submitted to Pediatric Radiology from January 2017 to December 2020 included only submissions from North America. For each submission, genders of the first, last (senior) and corresponding authors were inferred by inspection or confirmed by internet search. Chi-square and Fisher exact tests were used to compare authorship gender proportions. Quarterly comparisons between 2019 and 2020 were performed to assess for differences during the COVID-19 pandemic. Results Between 2017 and 2020, 1,018 manuscripts were submitted. There was no significant difference in female authorship over time ( P > 0.05 for first, last and corresponding authors), but there was an increase in female first authorship (38.6% in 2017, 43.2% in 2020). The frequencies of female first ( P = 0.03) and last ( P = 0.01) authors were significantly higher for educational manuscripts (reviews and pictorial essays) versus other manuscript types. Manuscript submissions increased in the second quarter of 2020; however, there was a statistically significant decrease in last authorship by women during this period ( P = 0.02). Conclusion Female authorship of manuscripts submitted to Pediatric Radiology has remained relatively stable between 2017 and 2020. During the early phase (March–May 2020) of the COVID-19 pandemic, female last authorship was significantly lower versus the previous year.

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Gender disparity in academic advancement: exploring differences among adult and pediatric radiologists

2022

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Background Gender imbalance in research output and academic rank in academic radiology is well-documented and long-standing. Less is known regarding this imbalance among pediatric radiologists. Objective To characterize gender differences for academic rank and scholarly productivity of pediatric radiologists relative to adult radiologists. Materials and methods During summer 2021, faculty data for the top 10 U.S. News & World Report ranked adult radiology programs and the top 12 largest pediatric hospital radiology departments were collected. Information regarding self-reported gender, age, years of practice and academic rank was accessed from institutional websites and public provider databases. The h-index and the number of publications were acquired via Scopus. Group comparisons were performed using Mann–Whitney and chi-square tests. Results Three hundred and sixty-four (160 women) pediatric and 1,170 (468 women) adult radiologists were included. Compared to adult radiologists, there were significantly fewer pediatric radiologists in advanced ranks (associate or full professor) ( P = 0.024), driven by differences between male ( P = 0.033) but not female radiologists ( P = 0.67). Among pediatric radiologists, there was no significant difference in years in practice ( P = 0.29) between males and females. There also was no significant difference in academic rank by gender ( P = 0.37), different from adult radiology where men outnumber women in advanced ranks ( P < 0.001). Male pediatric radiologists displayed higher academic productivity (h-index: 9.0 vs. 7.0; P = 0.01 and number of publications: 31 vs. 18; P = 0.003) than their female colleagues. Conclusion Academic pediatric radiology seems to have more equitable academic advancement than academic adult radiology. Despite similar time in the workforce, academic output among female pediatric radiologists lags that of their male colleagues.

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The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Journal Scholarly Activity Among Female Contributors

Cited by 15 publications

References 8 publications

Longitudinal analyses of gender differences in first authorship publications related to COVID-19

Longitudinal analyses of gender differences in first authorship publications related to COVID-19

Gender trends in authorship of Pediatric Radiology publications and impact of the COVID-19 pandemic

Gender disparity in academic advancement: exploring differences among adult and pediatric radiologists

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