The impact of the choice of the entire drop size distribution function on Cumulonimbus characteristics

Ćurić, Mladjen; Janc, D.; Vučković, Vladan; Kovačević, Nemanja

doi:10.1127/0941-2948/2009/0366

Cited by 12 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…However, direct measurement of rainfall KE in a large area is difficult because it requires considerable effort, as well as a dense network of expensive instruments that provide accurate outputs (Fornis et al, 2005;Mikoš et al, 2006;Meshesha et al, 2016;Dai et al, 2017). Previous studies have, therefore, mainly employed more readily accessible records like rainfall intensity and attempted to estimate rainfall KE from the empirical relationship of unit KE (ke) with intensity (ke-I ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimation of rainfall erosivity based on WRF-derived raindrop size distributions

Dai

Zhu

Zhang

et al. 2020

Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci.

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Abstract. Soil erosion can cause various ecological problems, such as land degradation, soil fertility loss, and river siltation. Rainfall is the primary water-driven force for soil erosion, and its potential effect on soil erosion is reflected by rainfall erosivity that relates to the raindrop kinetic energy. As it is difficult to observe large-scale dynamic characteristics of raindrops, all the current rainfall erosivity models use the function based on rainfall amount to represent the raindrops' kinetic energy. With the development of global atmospheric re-analysis data, numerical weather prediction techniques become a promising way to estimate rainfall kinetic energy directly at regional and global scales with high spatial and temporal resolutions. This study proposed a novel method for large-scale and long-term rainfall erosivity investigations based on the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model, avoiding errors caused by inappropriate rainfall–energy relationships and large-scale interpolation. We adopted three microphysical parameterizations schemes (Morrison, WDM6, and Thompson aerosol-aware) to obtain raindrop size distributions, rainfall kinetic energy, and rainfall erosivity, with validation by two disdrometers and 304 rain gauges around the United Kingdom. Among the three WRF schemes, Thompson aerosol-aware had the best performance compared with the disdrometers at a monthly scale. The results revealed that high rainfall erosivity occurred in the west coast area at the whole country scale during 2013–2017. The proposed methodology makes a significant contribution to improving large-scale soil erosion estimation and for better understanding microphysical rainfall–soil interactions to support the rational formulation of soil and water conservation planning.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimation of rainfall erosivity based on WRF-derived raindrop size distributions

Dai

Zhu

Zhang

et al. 2020

Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci.

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“…The horizontal distribution of the surface precipitation is less sensitive to a change in the parameter R M than the results displayed in Figure 4. Similarly, Ćurić et al [8] concluded that the single-moment bulk scheme with the Khrgian-Mazin distribution produces more cumulative rainfall over a large area than other cases.…”

Section: Model Resultsmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…The microphysical complexity of numerical models refers to the choice of microphysical scheme, the number of microphysical categories used and the type of size distribution. Numerical models of convective storms can use explicit bin schemes [1][2][3], bulk schemes [4][5][6][7][8][9] or hybrid bulk-bin microphysical schemes [10,11]. Bulk microphysical schemes are more commonly used due to their lower computational time and memory requirements.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the case of Khrgian-Mazin distributed drops, Ćurić et al [8] varied the mean drop radius (from 10-50 μm in 10 μm steps) and compared the results with those of the conventional approach (monodisperse distribution for cloud droplets and the Marshall-Palmer distribution of raindrops) of the single-moment bulk scheme. We assume that the drops (cloud droplets and raindrops) are described by a unified Khrgian-Mazin size distribution with a division between cloud droplet and raindrop spectra [22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Precipitation Sensitivity to the Mean Radius of Drop Spectra: Comparison of Single- and Double-Moment Bulk Microphysical Schemes

Kovačević

Ćurić

2015

Atmosphere

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Abstract:In this study, two bulk microphysical schemes were compared across mean radius values of the entire drop spectra. A cloud-resolving mesoscale model was used to analyze surface precipitation characteristics. The model included the following microphysical categories: water vapour, cloud droplets, raindrops, ice crystals, snow, graupel, frozen raindrops and hail. Two bulk schemes were used: a single-moment scheme in which the mean radius was specified as a parameter and a double-moment scheme in which the mean radius of drops was calculated diagnostically with a fixed value for the cloud droplet number concentration. Experiments were conducted out for three values of the mean radius (in the single-moment scheme) and two cloud droplet number concentrations (in the double-moment scheme). There were large differences in the surface precipitation for the two schemes, the simulated precipitation generated by the double-moment scheme had a higher sensitivity. The single-moment scheme generated an unrealistic collection rate of cloud droplets by raindrops and hail as well as unrealistic evaporation of rain and melting of solid hydrometeors; these processes led to inaccurate timing and amounts of surface precipitation.

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“…These numerical models use explicit bin [1,2] or bulk microphysical schemes [3][4][5][6][7]. The bulk microphysical scheme uses a size distribution function for microphysical particles which is represented by one or more corresponding moments (e.g., mixing ratio, number concentration, radar reflectivity).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Drizzle-Sized Cloud Particles on Production of Precipitation in Hailstorms: A Sensitivity Study

Kovačević

Veljovic

2018

Atmosphere

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This sensitivity study examined the impact of drizzle on hailstorm characteristics and precipitation on the ground. A cloud-resolving mesoscale model with a two-moment bulk microphysical scheme is modified by introducing mixing ratio and number concentration of drizzle. Therefore, the cloud model integrates the mixing ratio and number concentration of the eight microphysical particles: cloud droplets, drizzle, raindrops, cloud ice, snowflakes, graupel, frozen raindrops and hailstones. We compared two microphysical schemes depending on whether drizzle particles are present or not. It can be noted that the presence of drizzle category slows the development of the rain in the hailstorm and its appearance on the ground. The increased values of radar reflectivity factor in simulations with drizzle are a result of significantly higher values of raindrop number concentration rather than their sizes and indicate the presence of hail as well. There are prominent decreases of the radar reflectivity factor in simulations with drizzle. The occurrence of heavy showers does not exist in results without drizzle. The absence of drizzle category leads to greater accumulations of rain and a wider area of downdrafts. The alternate case produces both weaker downdrafts and smaller area of downdraft cells due to a slower autoconversion of drizzle to rain and a smaller rain evaporation. A smaller amount of surface hail is expected in the non-drizzle case.

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The impact of the choice of the entire drop size distribution function on Cumulonimbus characteristics

Cited by 12 publications

References 0 publications

Estimation of rainfall erosivity based on WRF-derived raindrop size distributions

Estimation of rainfall erosivity based on WRF-derived raindrop size distributions

Precipitation Sensitivity to the Mean Radius of Drop Spectra: Comparison of Single- and Double-Moment Bulk Microphysical Schemes

Impact of Drizzle-Sized Cloud Particles on Production of Precipitation in Hailstorms: A Sensitivity Study

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