The impact of the 2008 economic crisis on the increasing number of young psychiatric inpatients

Medel-Herrero, Alvaro; Gómez-Beneyto, Manuel

doi:10.1016/j.rpsmen.2017.10.010

Cited by 8 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…24,25 The majority of studies were conducted in the UK, Scandinavia and Canada; however, a smaller number of studies took place in other European countries, Asia and Australia. 26,27,28,29,30,31,32,33 Methodologically, most studies lacked appropriate comparison samples or did not collect data prospectively at intervals (data collection periods ranged from 1 month to over 10 years, with a median of 36 months), and instead were cross-sectional and observational, describing a single group of participants (Table 2). For studies that included a comparison group, there was variability in the amount of detail provided, with some specifying sampling strategies or matching criteria 34 and others providing little information.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…92 For in-patients with autism, admissions were noted by some groups as disproportionately higher than for those without autism, and increased over time. 25,31,41,63,93 This included increased admissions of children with autism with and without intellectual disabilities to non-psychiatric settings for mental ill health. 61,62,65 Although Kalb et al 25 noted an increased admission rate for those with autism compared with those without autism, they reported that there had been no change in the number of children and adolescents with autism presenting to accident and emergency departments because of mental ill health or behaviour that challenges, in the USA between the years 2010 and 2013.…”

Section: Admission and Readmissionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A systematic review of in-patient psychiatric care for people with intellectual disabilities and/or autism: effectiveness, patient safety and experience

et al. 2022

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Background An increasing number of children, adolescents and adults with intellectual disabilities and/or autism are being admitted to general psychiatric wards and cared for by general psychiatrists. Aims The aim of this systematic review was to consider the likely effectiveness of in-patient treatment for this population, and compare and contrast differing models of in-patient care. Method A systematic search was completed to identify papers where authors had reported data about the effectiveness of in-patient admissions with reference to one of three domains: treatment effect (e.g. length of stay, clinical outcome, readmission), patient safety (e.g. restrictive practices) and patient experience (e.g. patient or family satisfaction). Where possible, outcomes associated with admission were considered further within the context of differing models of in-patient care (e.g. specialist in-patient services versus general mental health in-patient services). Results A total of 106 studies were included and there was evidence that improvements in mental health, social functioning, behaviour and forensic risk were associated with in-patient admission. There were two main models of in-patient psychiatric care described within the literature: admission to a specialist intellectual disability or general mental health in-patient service. Patients admitted to specialist intellectual disability in-patient services had greater complexity, but there were additional benefits, including fewer out-of-area discharges and lower seclusion rates. Conclusions There was evidence that admission to in-patient services was associated with improvements in mental health for this population. There was some evidence indicating better outcomes for those admitted to specialist services.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Admission and Readmissionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A systematic review of in-patient psychiatric care for people with intellectual disabilities and/or autism: effectiveness, patient safety and experience

et al. 2022

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“…Following the 2008 global financial crisis (GFC), an increase in the prevalence of depressive symptoms and disorders was seen across most of the developed world. A pervasive increase in mental health care utilization for depressive symptoms was seen during or following periods of economic recession [ 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 ]. Among outpatients, physician visits for mental health care increased among women, those with increased age, family income, health care access/coverage, and education levels in the United States of America (USA); however, visits decreased overall during the recession for both men (25%) and women (7–8%) of all ethnic backgrounds [ 14 , 15 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of Economic Recessions on Depression, Anxiety, and Trauma-Related Disorders and Illness Outcomes—A Scoping Review

Guerra

Eboreime

2021

Behavioral Sciences

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In the wake of a global economic recession secondary to the COVID-19 pandemic, this scoping review seeks to summarize the current quantitative research on the impact of economic recessions on depression, anxiety, traumatic disorders, self-harm, and suicide. Seven research databases (PsycINFO, MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science: Core Collection, National Library of Medicine PubMed, PubMed Central, and Google Scholar) were searched for keywords returning 3412 preliminary results published since 2008 in Organisation for Economic Coordination and Development (OECD)nations. These were screened by both authors for inclusion/exclusion criteria resulting in 127 included articles. Articles included were quantitative studies in OECD countries assessing select mental disorders (depression, anxiety, and trauma-/stress-related disorders) and illness outcomes (self-harm and suicide) during periods of economic recession. Articles were limited to publication from 2008 to 2020, available online in English, and utilizing outcome measures specific to the disorders and outcomes specified above. A significant relationship was found between periods of economic recession and increased depressive symptoms, self-harming behaviour, and suicide during and following periods of recession. Results suggest that existing models for mental health support and strategies for suicide prevention may be less effective than they are in non-recession times. It may be prudent to focus public education and medical treatments on raising awareness and access to supports for populations at higher risk, including those vulnerable to the impacts of job or income loss due to low socioeconomic status preceding the recession or high levels of financial strain, those supporting others financially, approaching retirement, and those in countries with limited social safety nets. Policy makers should be aware of the potential protective nature of unemployment safeguards and labour program investment in mitigating these negative impacts. Limited or inconclusive data were found on the relationship with traumatic disorders and symptoms of anxiety. In addition, research has focused primarily on the working-age adult population with limited data available on children, adolescents, and older adults, leaving room for further research in these areas.

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“…They addressed in-patient admissions for affective disorders in Italy, 178 hospital admissions owing to depression in Taiwan, 179 primary care patients in Spain, 180 general practice patients in the UK 181 and hospital morbidity data in Spain. 182 Four studies were of high quality 178,179,181,182 and one was of fair quality. 180 Two studies did not find overall increases in mental healthcare utilisation: in the UK, rates of self-harm among patients increased in Derby and among males in Manchester, but not in in Oxford; 183 in the USA, physician visits owing to mental health disorders decreased after the onset of the crisis, but the use of psychotropic medications increased.…”

Section: Healthcare Utilisationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of the COVID-19 pandemic and previous pandemics, epidemics and economic crises on mental health: systematic review

et al. 2022

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Background A rise in mental illness is expected to follow the COVID-19 pandemic, which has also been projected to lead to a deep global economic recession, further adding to risk factors. Aims The aim of this review was to assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and previous pandemics, epidemics and economic crises on mental health. Method Searches were conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, PsycINFO and Sociological Abstracts. We included studies of all populations exposed to the COVID-19 pandemic, and other similar pandemics/epidemics and economic crises, compared with non-exposed time periods or regions. The outcome was mental health. Results The 174 included studies assessed mental health impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic (87 studies), 2008 economic crisis (84 studies) and severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) epidemic (three studies). Outcomes were divided into affective disorders, suicides, mental healthcare utilisation and other mental health. COVID-19 pandemic studies were of lesser quality than those for the economic crisis or SARS epidemic. Most studies for all exposures showed increases in affective disorders and other mental health problems. For economic crisis exposure, increases in mental healthcare utilisation and suicides were also found, but these findings were mixed for COVID-19 pandemic exposure. This is probably because of quarantine measures affecting help-seeking and shorter follow-ups of studies of COVID-19 pandemic exposure. Conclusions Our findings highlight the importance of available, accessible and sustainable mental health services. Also, socioeconomically disadvantaged populations should be particular targets of policy interventions during the COVID-19 pandemic.

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The impact of the 2008 economic crisis on the increasing number of young psychiatric inpatients

Cited by 8 publications

References 24 publications

A systematic review of in-patient psychiatric care for people with intellectual disabilities and/or autism: effectiveness, patient safety and experience

A systematic review of in-patient psychiatric care for people with intellectual disabilities and/or autism: effectiveness, patient safety and experience

The Impact of Economic Recessions on Depression, Anxiety, and Trauma-Related Disorders and Illness Outcomes—A Scoping Review

Effects of the COVID-19 pandemic and previous pandemics, epidemics and economic crises on mental health: systematic review

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