The Impact of Temporomandibular Disorders on Orthodontic Management: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Abstract

The literature on the impact of temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) on orthodontic management or vice versa lacks clarity. This study presents a review that aims to evaluate the influence of TMDs on orthodontic management and explore the association between TMDs and various aspects of orthodontic treatment. A systematic search was conducted across multiple databases to identify relevant articles documenting the correlation between TMD incidence and orthodontic treatment to achieve the objectives. The selection process followed predefined criteria, and the selected studies underwent bias assessment using the AXIS tool and Cochrane risk of bias (RoB) tool. Among the articles identified, nine studies were deemed suitable for inclusion in the review. The findings from the subsequent meta-analysis indicated a significant overall effect, suggesting that orthodontic treatment may increase the risk of developing TMD. Furthermore, the analysis revealed that patients with TMD had higher odds of experiencing orthodontic issues than those without TMD. Subgroup analysis further demonstrated that orthodontic treatment could have a negative impact on the psychological well-being of TMD patients, while its effect on TMD incidence was found to be negligible. The results highlight the need for additional research to gain a better understanding of the underlying mechanisms and develop appropriate interventions aimed at minimizing the risk of TMD in patients undergoing orthodontic treatment. Clinicians should be aware of TMD as a potential complication of orthodontic treatment and implement appropriate monitoring strategies.

Impact of clear aligner therapy on masticatory musculature and stomatognathic system: a systematic review conducted according to PRISMA guidelines and the Cochrane handbook for systematic reviews of interventions

“…Further, our review’s findings and those of Langaliya et al [ 63 ], Ivorra et al [ 64 ], and Alam et al [ 65 ] also reveal a blend of parallel and divergent interpretations. Langaliya et al‘s review [ 63 ] investigated the long-term influence of mandibular advancement devices (MAD) used in obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) treatment on TMD.…”

“…However, their observation that no significant adverse effects on the TMJ were seen in healthy patients and that the appliances could improve joints that initially presented forward dislocation of the disc echoed our findings that orthodontic treatment did not pose a risk to the development of TMD signs and symptoms. Alam et al‘s review [ 65 ] aimed to evaluate the influence of TMDs on orthodontic management and explore the association between TMDs and various aspects of orthodontic treatment. Their meta-analysis indicated a significant overall effect, suggesting orthodontic treatment might increase the risk of developing TMD, a finding not supported by our review.…”

Variables Associated with Jaw Clicking in a South Australian Population: A Cross-Sectional Study

“…From a psychological well-being perspective, clicking and occlusal therapy could be linked to stressful circumstances and untreated mental health conditions, as well as poor sleep quality, rather than dental treatment being a causative factor, as seen in the current investigation [39]. However, it is important to note that research on this subject matter is considered very limited, and drawing meaningful conclusions requires further investigation and future research [9,40].…”

“…Despite the connection between symptoms of temporomandibular dysfunction syndrome (TMDS), parafunctional habits, orthodontic management, and psychological well-being among adolescents, a quantitative assessment of their combined impact on maximum mouth opening during adulthood remains largely unexplored [8]. Recent research on this subject is limited, and further investigation is required into variables such as parafunctional habits, interventive exodontia, mouth opening, and TMJ function in adulthood for occlusal therapy [9]. Poorly adapted occlusion or relapse following orthodontic treatment may predispose patients to bruxism and clenching [10].…”