The Impact of Television Viewing on Brain Structures: Cross-Sectional and Longitudinal Analyses

Takeuchi, Hikaru; Taki, Yasuyuki; Hashizume, Hiroshi; Asano, Kohei; Asano, Michiko; Sassa, Yuko; Yokota, Susumu; Kotozaki, Yuka; Nouchi, Rui; Kawashima, Ryuta

doi:10.1093/cercor/bht315

Cited by 112 publications

(94 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…Although we have gathered the data of the Child Behavior Checklist, we have not excluded the subjects based on the score of this test in this project (Taki et al, 2010(Taki et al, , 2012aTakeuchi et al, 2013c), which is consistent with studies reported by some of other groups considered leading experts in the field (Kadosh et al, 2013;Sucksmith et al, 2013;Ullman et al, 2014). This is partly because this criterion would exclude many subjects who do not suffer from their problems so much that they do not feel the necessity to visit a hospital for their cure.…”

Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 68%

The Impact of Parent–Child Interaction on Brain Structures: Cross-sectional and Longitudinal Analyses

et al. 2015

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There is a vast amount of evidence from psychological studies that the amount of parent-child interaction affects the development of children's verbal skills and knowledge. However, despite the vast amount of literature, brain structural development associated with the amount of parent-child interaction has never been investigated. In the present human study, we used voxel-based morphometry to measure regional gray matter density (rGMD) and examined cross-sectional correlations between the amount of time spent with parents and rGMD among 127 boys and 135 girls. We also assessed correlations between the amount of time spent with parents and longitudinal changes that occurred a few years later among 106 boys and 102 girls. After correcting for confounding factors, we found negative effects of spending time with parents on rGMD in areas in the bilateral superior temporal gyrus (STG) via cross-sectional analyses as well as in the contingent areas of the right STG. We also confirmed positive effects of spending time with parents on the Verbal Comprehension score in cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses. rGMD in partly overlapping or contingent areas of the right STG was negatively correlated with age and the Verbal Comprehension score in cross-sectional analyses. Subsequent analyses revealed verbal parent-child interactions have similar effects on Verbal Comprehension scores and rGMD in the right STG in both cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses. These findings indicate that parent-child interactions affect the right STG, which may be associated with verbal skills.

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Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 68%

The Impact of Parent–Child Interaction on Brain Structures: Cross-sectional and Longitudinal Analyses

et al. 2015

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“…7, 8, 9 A similar tendency between the amount of VGP and regional gray matter volume in the left dorsolateral PFC (T =3.27, 689 mm 3 , P <0.0025) was observed in the cross-sectional analysis of this study. In that analysis, VBM analysis was performed using the same covariates used in this study (for details of methods of preprocessing, see Takeuchi et al 26 ). However, additional studies have indicated that the increased gray matter related to computer experience in children and young adults exerts negative psychological consequences.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cross-sectional whole-brain multiple regression analysis was performed to investigate the association between MD or FA and the amount of VGP. The covariates were the same as those used in the psychological cross-sectional analyses, except that in imaging analyses, the total intracranial volume calculated using voxel-based morphometry (for details, see Takeuchi et al 26 ) was added as a covariate.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of videogame play on the brain’s microstructural properties: cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses

et al. 2016

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Videogame play (VGP) has been associated with numerous preferred and non-preferred effects. However, the effects of VGP on the development of microstructural properties in children, particularly those associated with negative psychological consequences of VGP, have not been identified to date. The purpose of this study was to investigate this issue through cross-sectional and longitudinal prospective analyses. In the present study of humans, we used the diffusion tensor imaging mean diffusivity (MD) measurement to measure microstructural properties and examined cross-sectional correlations with the amount of VGP in 114 boys and 126 girls. We also assessed correlations between the amount of VGP and longitudinal changes in MD that developed after 3.0±0.3 (s.d.) years in 95 boys and 94 girls. After correcting for confounding factors, we found that the amount of VGP was associated with increased MD in the left middle, inferior and orbital frontal cortex; left pallidum; left putamen; left hippocampus; left caudate; right putamen; right insula; and thalamus in both cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses. Regardless of intelligence quotient type, higher MD in the areas of the left thalamus, left hippocampus, left putamen, left insula and left Heschl gyrus was associated with lower intelligence. We also confirmed an association between the amount of VGP and decreased verbal intelligence in both cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses. In conclusion, increased VGP is directly or indirectly associated with delayed development of the microstructure in extensive brain regions and verbal intelligence.

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“…While a few cross-sectional studies and fewer longitudinal studies suggest adverse effects, others suggest media has a beneficial effect on neuropsychological development 9, 10. Such inconsistency can be partly attributed to different methodologies applied by these studies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Television viewing duration during childhood and long- association with adolescent neuropsychological outcomes

O’Connor

Casas

Basagaña

et al. 2016

Preventive Medicine Reports

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This study is aiming to evaluate the association between television viewing during childhood and long-term adolescent neuropsychological outcomes and the potential explanatory pathways. This is a longitudinal study based on 278 children participating in the INMA birth cohort (1998) in Menorca Island, Spain. The exposure is parent-reported duration of child television viewing (hours per week) at 6 and 9 years of age. Neuropsychological outcomes were assessed at 14 years of age using the N-back test. Behavioral outcomes at 14 years of age were assessed using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) and school performance was assessed by the global school score. Regression models were developed to quantify the associations between duration of television viewing and neuropsychological outcomes adjusted for child and parents' characteristics. The average of weekly TV viewing from 6 to 9 years was 9.2 h (SD: 4.1). Only N-back test outcomes exhibited statistically significant differences in crude models. Children viewing > 14 h per week tended to show larger latencies in working memory reaction time (HRT in ms), beta (CI) = 53 (0–107). After adjusting for potential social confounders, the association weakened and became non-significant but adverse trends were slightly preserved. Early life TV viewing was not associated with adolescent neuropsychological outcomes after adjustment for potential confounders. Further research including larger and exhaustive population-based cohort studies is required in order to verify our conclusions.

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The Impact of Television Viewing on Brain Structures: Cross-Sectional and Longitudinal Analyses

Cited by 112 publications

References 55 publications

The Impact of Parent–Child Interaction on Brain Structures: Cross-sectional and Longitudinal Analyses

The Impact of Parent–Child Interaction on Brain Structures: Cross-sectional and Longitudinal Analyses

Impact of videogame play on the brain’s microstructural properties: cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses

Television viewing duration during childhood and long- association with adolescent neuropsychological outcomes

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