The impact of tampon use on the vaginal microbiota across four menstrual cycles

Carter, K.; Bassis, Christine M.; McKee, Kimberly Schmitt; Bullock, Kaylie A.; Eastman, Alison J.; Young, Vincent B.; Bell, Jason D.

doi:10.1016/j.ajog.2018.10.078

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…pH 6.5–7.0), a condition which is frequently reported in diseased-state vagina [ 135 ]. Multiple studies have shown that usage of menstrual cups, tampons, and contraceptive diaphragms can disrupt Lactobacillus -dominated vaginal microbiota and enhance the growth of S. aureus and production of TSST-1 [ 136 – 138 ]. The over-production of TSST-1 can lead to severe complications such as organ failure, systemic inflammation, and death in women [ 139 ].…”

Section: Indigenous Vaginal Microbiota In Womenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vaginal microbiota and the potential of Lactobacillus derivatives in maintaining vaginal health

2020

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Human vagina is colonised by a diverse array of microorganisms that make up the normal microbiota and mycobiota. Lactobacillus is the most frequently isolated microorganism from the healthy human vagina, this includes Lactobacillus crispatus, Lactobacillus gasseri, Lactobacillus iners, and Lactobacillus jensenii. These vaginal lactobacilli have been touted to prevent invasion of pathogens by keeping their population in check. However, the disruption of vaginal ecosystem contributes to the overgrowth of pathogens which causes complicated vaginal infections such as bacterial vaginosis (BV), sexually transmitted infections (STIs), and vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC). Predisposing factors such as menses, pregnancy, sexual practice, uncontrolled usage of antibiotics, and vaginal douching can alter the microbial community. Therefore, the composition of vaginal microbiota serves an important role in determining vagina health. Owing to their Generally Recognised as Safe (GRAS) status, lactobacilli have been widely utilised as one of the alternatives besides conventional antimicrobial treatment against vaginal pathogens for the prevention of chronic vaginitis and the restoration of vaginal ecosystem. In addition, the effectiveness of Lactobacillus as prophylaxis has also been well-founded in long-term administration. This review aimed to highlight the beneficial effects of lactobacilli derivatives (i.e. surface-active molecules) with anti-biofilm, antioxidant, pathogen-inhibition, and immunomodulation activities in developing remedies for vaginal infections. We also discuss the current challenges in the implementation of the use of lactobacilli derivatives in promotion of human health. In the current review, we intend to provide insights for the development of lactobacilli derivatives as a complementary or alternative medicine to conventional probiotic therapy in vaginal health.

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Section: Indigenous Vaginal Microbiota In Womenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vaginal microbiota and the potential of Lactobacillus derivatives in maintaining vaginal health

2020

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The Continuum of Microbial Ecosystems along the Female Reproductive Tract: Implications for Health and Fertility

et al. 2022

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The microbial ecosystem of the female urogenital tract is composed of many niche microenvironments across multiple organ systems in the urinary and reproductive tract. It is complex and contains a variety of bacteria, archaea, viruses, yeast, and protozoa—Many of which are still unidentified or whose functionality is unknown. Unlike the gut microbiome, whose composition is relatively stable in the absence of external perturbations, the urogenital microbiome is constantly shifting in response to biological cycles such as hormonal fluctuations during menstruation. Microbial composition differs between women but the dominance of some microbial families, such as Lactobacillaceae and other lactic acid-producing bacteria, are shared. Research suggests that it is difficult to define a universal healthy urogenital microbiome and consequently map a path to recovery from disease due to dysbiosis. Due to its temporal shifts, the female urogenital microbiome offers a unique opportunity to examine the biological mechanisms that work to restore a microbiome to its baseline. Common functional disorders in women’s health are often difficult to diagnose and treat, are prone to recurrence, and can lead to subfertility or infertility. Knowledge of the interconnected microorganism communities along the continuum of the female reproductive tract could revolutionize the quality of women’s healthcare.

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The impact of tampon use on the vaginal microbiota across four menstrual cycles

Cited by 2 publications

References 0 publications

Vaginal microbiota and the potential of Lactobacillus derivatives in maintaining vaginal health

Vaginal microbiota and the potential of Lactobacillus derivatives in maintaining vaginal health

The Continuum of Microbial Ecosystems along the Female Reproductive Tract: Implications for Health and Fertility

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