The impact of supplemental N-3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids and dietary antioxidants on physical performance in postmenopausal women

Hutchins-Wiese, H.; Kleppinger, Alison; Annis, Kristen; Liva, E.; Lammi‐Keefe, Carol J.; Durham, Holiday; Kenny, Anne M.

doi:10.1007/s12603-012-0415-3

Cited by 119 publications

(101 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…The analysis is based on baseline measurements of 387 healthy women aged 60–90 years (mean age 72.7 ± 7.0 y) recruited from central Connecticut to participate in one of three intervention trials (23–25). The first two studies evaluated 1) dehydroepiandosterone (DHEA) with gentle aerobic or yogic exercise and 2)1.2g fish oil or placebo supplementation.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adequate dietary protein is associated with better physical performance among post-menopausal women 60–90 years

Gregorio

Brindisi

Kleppinger

et al. 2014

The Journal of nutrition, health and aging

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118

119

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Objectives Sarcopenia, the involuntary loss of skeletal muscle with age, affects up to one-quarter of older adults. Evidence indicates a positive association between dietary protein intake and lean muscle mass and strength among older persons, but information on dietary protein’s effect on physical performance in older adults has received less attention. Design Cross-sectional observational analysis of the relationship of dietary protein on body composition and physical performance. Setting Clinical research center. Participants 387 healthy women aged 60 – 90 years (mean 72.7 ± 7.0 y). Measurements Measures included body composition (fat-free mass, appendicular skeletal mass and fat mass) via dual x-ray absorptiometry (DXA), physical performance (Physical Performance Test [PPT] and Short Physical Performance Battery [SPPB]), handgrip strength, Physical Activity Scale in the Elderly (PASE), quality of life measure (SF-8), falls, fractures, nutrient and macromolecule intake (four-day food record). Independent samples t-tests determined mean differences between the above or below RDA protein groups. Statistical Analysis Analysis of covariance was used to control for body mass index (BMI) between groups when assessing physical performance, physical activity and health-related quality of life. Results The subjects consumed an average of 72.2 g protein/day representing 1.1 g protein/kg body weight/day. Subjects were categorized as below the recommended daily allowance (RDA) for protein (defined as less than 0.8 g protein/kg) or at or above the RDA (equal to or higher than 0.8 g protein/kg). Ninety-seven subjects (25%) were in the low protein group, and 290 (75%) were in the higher protein group. Women in the higher protein group had lower body mass, including fat and lean mass, and fat-to-lean ratio than those in the lower-protein group (p <0.001). Composite scores of upper and lower extremity strength were impaired in the group with low protein intake; SPPB score was 9.9±1.9 compared to 10.6±1.6 in those with higher protein intake and PPT was 19.8± 2.9 compared to 20.9± 2.1 in the low and higher protein groups, respectively. The results were attenuated by correction for BMI, but remained significant. The physical component of the SF-8 was also lower in the low protein group but did not remain significant when controlling for BMI. No significant differences were found in hand grip strength or reported physical activity. Conclusion Healthy, older postmenopausal women consumed, on average, 1.1 g/kg/d protein, although 25% consumed less than the RDA. Those in the low protein group had higher body fat and fat-to-lean ratio than those who consumed the higher protein diet. Upper and lower extremity function was impaired in those who consumed a low protein diet compared to those with a higher protein intake. Protein intake should be considered when evaluating the multi-factorial loss of physical function in older women.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adequate dietary protein is associated with better physical performance among post-menopausal women 60–90 years

Gregorio

Brindisi

Kleppinger

et al. 2014

The Journal of nutrition, health and aging

Self Cite

118

119

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“…This effect was not observed in women [181]. The only available randomized double blind pilot study analyzed the effects of 2 fish oil (1.2 g EPA and DHA) or 2 placebo (olive oil) capsules per day for 6 months in 126 postmenopausal women [182]. Fatty acid levels, frailty assessment, hand grip strength, 8-foot walk, body composition, and inflammatory biomarkers were taken at baseline and after 6 months of supplementation.…”

Section: ω3 Long Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids (ω3 Lc-pufas)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fish oil supplementation resulted in higher red blood cell DHA, compared to baseline and placebo, and improvement in walking speed compared to placebo. In this work a linear regression model including age, vitamin intake, osteoarthritis, frailty phenotype, and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) explained that the change in DHA/arachidonic ratio, TNF-α, and selenium intake had the major contribution to the observed change in walking speed [182]. Importantly, new avenues of research highlight that a fundamental booster of the functional effects of fish oil supplementation is physical exercise and, in particular, strength training.…”

Section: ω3 Long Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids (ω3 Lc-pufas)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Creatine, L-Carnitine, andω3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Supplementation from Healthy to Diseased Skeletal Muscle

D’Antona

Nabavi

Micheletti

et al. 2014

BioMed Research International

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Myopathies are chronic degenerative pathologies that induce the deterioration of the structure and function of skeletal muscle. So far a definitive therapy has not yet been developed and the main aim of myopathy treatment is to slow the progression of the disease. Current nonpharmacological therapies include rehabilitation, ventilator assistance, and nutritional supplements, all of which aim to delay the onset of the disease and relieve its symptoms. Besides an adequate diet, nutritional supplements could play an important role in the treatment of myopathic patients. Here we review the most recent in vitro and in vivo studies investigating the role supplementation with creatine, L-carnitine, and ω3 PUFAs plays in myopathy treatment. Our results suggest that these dietary supplements could have beneficial effects; nevertheless continued studies are required before they could be recommended as a routine treatment in muscle diseases.

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“…A sixmonth DHA and EPA supplementation trial induced an improvement in walking speed compared to placebo, explaining more than 13% of the variance in the change in walking speed [115]. On the other hand, several authors demonstrated the effectiveness of Vitamin D supplementation in maintaining physical performance [116,117], suggesting its therapeutic role in improving neuromuscular function and reducing not only fractures after falls, but also the incidence of falls.…”

Section: Evidence From Dietary Intervention Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Counteracting inflammation and insulin resistance with diet and exercise: A strategy for frailty prevention?

Zuliani

Soavi

Maggio

et al. 2015

European Geriatric Medicine

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The impact of supplemental N-3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids and dietary antioxidants on physical performance in postmenopausal women

Cited by 119 publications

References 42 publications

Adequate dietary protein is associated with better physical performance among post-menopausal women 60–90 years

Adequate dietary protein is associated with better physical performance among post-menopausal women 60–90 years

Creatine, L-Carnitine, andω3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Supplementation from Healthy to Diseased Skeletal Muscle

Counteracting inflammation and insulin resistance with diet and exercise: A strategy for frailty prevention?

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