The Impact of Springtime‐Transported Air Pollutants on Local Air Quality With Satellite‐Constrained NO<sub>x</sub> Emission Adjustments Over East Asia

Jung, Jia; Choi, Yunsoo; Souri, Amir H.; Mousavinezhad, Seyedali; Sayeed, Alqamah; Lee, Kyung‐Hwa

doi:10.1029/2021jd035251

Cited by 21 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 86 publications

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“…However, during the daytime, the model severely underestimated NO 2 concentrations, with NMB from − 13.17% to -29.31% in Korea and from − 5.08% to -23.58% in China. This suggests a potential underrepresentation of daytime NO x emissions in Asia, as discussed in several previous studies, which led to the overall underestimation of surface NO 2 concentrations in East Asia 27,34,36,52 .…”

Section: Simulations Using the Original Emissions Inventorymentioning

confidence: 65%

“…Recognizing the short lifespan of NO 2 [37][38][39][40] , we explicitly assumed a linear relationship between NO x emissions and NO 2 columns. However, it is important to note that the availabilities of nighttime ozone and hydroxyl radicals (OH) can introduce nonlinearity between NO 2 concentrations and NO x emissions 27 -a complexity that falls outside the scope of our study. Our method aimed to infer the most probable extent of NO x emissions by minimizing the Bayesian-informed cost function in Eq.…”

Section: Top-down Approach For the No X Emissions Adjustmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

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First Top-Down Diurnal Updates to NOx Emissions Inventory in Asia Informed by the Geostationary Environment Monitoring Spectrometer (GEMS) Tropospheric NO2 Columns

Park,

Choi,

Jung

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Pioneering the use of the Geostationary Environment Monitoring Spectrometer’s (GEMS) observation data in air quality modeling, we updated Asia’s NOx emissions inventory by leveraging its unprecedented sampling frequency. GEMS tropospheric NO2 columns served as top-down constraints, guiding our Bayesian inversion to hourly update NOx emissions in Asia during spring 2022. This effectively remedied the prior underrepresentation of daytime NOx emissions, significantly improving simulation accuracy. The GEMS-informed update reduced the extent of model underestimation of surface NO2 concentrations from 19.23–11.36% in Korea and from 12.85–4.42% in China, showing about 6% greater improvement compared to the update based on the sun-synchronous low earth orbit observation proxy. Improvements were more pronounced when larger amounts of observation data were available each hour. Our findings highlight the utility of geostationary observation data in fine-tuning the emissions inventory with fewer temporal constraints, thereby more effectively improving the accuracy of air quality simulations.

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Section: Simulations Using the Original Emissions Inventorymentioning

confidence: 65%

Section: Top-down Approach For the No X Emissions Adjustmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

First Top-Down Diurnal Updates to NOx Emissions Inventory in Asia Informed by the Geostationary Environment Monitoring Spectrometer (GEMS) Tropospheric NO2 Columns

Park,

Choi,

Jung

et al. 2024

Preprint

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“…2 and 3 to the base emissions to update the bottom-up estimates of NOx emissions over the modeling domain (hereafter referred to as 2019 NOx-constrained emissions). Further details about the analytical inverse modeling approach are provided by Souri et al (2020) and Jung et al (2022).…”

Section: Emissions Adjustments For the Study Period 2019mentioning

confidence: 99%

Satellite-based, top-down approach for the adjustment of aerosol precursor emissions over East Asia: The Geostationary Environment Monitoring Spectrometer (GEMS) data fusion product and its proxies

Park

Jung

Choi

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Abstract. In response to the need for securing a spatiotemporally more up-to-date emissions inventory and the impending release of new geostationary platform-derived observational data generated by the Geostationary Environment Monitoring Spectrometer (GEMS) and its sister instruments, this study, using a series of GEMS data fusion product and its proxy data and CTM-based inverse modeling techniques, aims to establish a top-down approach for adjusting aerosol precursor emissions over East Asia. We begin by sequentially adjusting bottom-up estimates of nitrogen oxides (NOx) and primary particulate matter (PM) emissions, both of which significantly contribute to aerosol loadings over East Asia, to reduce model biases in aerosol optical depth (AOD) simulations during the year 2019. While the model initially underestimates AOD by 50.73 % on average, the sequential emissions adjustments that led to overall increases in the amounts of NOx emissions by 122.79 % and of primary PM emissions by 76.68 % and 114.63 % (single- and multiple-instrument-derived emissions adjustments, respectively), reduce the extent of AOD underestimation to 33.84 % and 19.60 %, respectively. We consider the outperformance of the model using the emissions constrained by the data fusion product the result of the improvement in the quantity of available data. Taking advantage of the data fusion product, we perform sequential emissions adjustments during the spring of 2022, the period during which the substantial reductions in anthropogenic emissions took place accompanied by the COVID-19 pandemic lockdowns over highly industrialized and urbanized regions in China. While the model initially overestimates surface PM2.5 concentrations by 47.58 % and 20.60 % in the North China Plain (NCP) region and Korea, the sequential emissions adjustments that led to overall decreases in NOx and primary PM emissions by 7.84 % and 9.03 %, respectively, substantially reduce the extent of PM2.5 underestimation to 19.58 % and 6.81 %, respectively. These findings indicate that the series of emissions adjustments performed in this study are generally effective at reducing model biases in simulations of aerosol loading over East Asia; in particular, the model performance tends to improve to a greater extent on the condition that spatiotemporally more continuous and frequent observational references are used to capture variations in bottom-up estimates of emissions. In addition to reconfirming the close association between aerosol precursor emissions and AOD as well as surface PM2.5 concentrations, the findings of this study could provide a useful basis for how to most effectively exploit multi-source top-down information for capturing highly varying anthropogenic emissions.

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“…Several modeling studies have reported LRT of sulfur and nitrogen from China to other Asian countries [9,[50][51][52]. Using Eulerian-type Community Multiscale Air Quality model, it is estimated that LRT from eastern China contributes more than 20% of anthropogenic nitrogen and sulfur deposition in East Asia [50][51][52][53][54]. Results from an aerosol chemical transport model estimated that emissions from China contributed approximately 50%-60% of the total nitrogen deposition in Korea and Japan [9].…”

Section: Lrt In East Asiamentioning

confidence: 99%

On the seasonality of long-range transport of acidic pollutants in East Asia

Chang

Wang

et al. 2022

Environ. Res. Lett.

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East Asia currently has the largest SO2 and NOx emissions in the world. The long-range transport (LRT) of acidic pollutants in this region is of great concern but the extent is not well understood. Here results from combined long-term ( 20 years) atmospheric deposition monitoring and air trajectory analysis in East Asia were reported. The results showed that despite the large decrease of SO2 and NOx emissions in Taiwan, annual deposition of non-sea-salt sulfate (nss-SO42-) in northern Taiwan showed no decreasing trend during 1994-2020. However, when divided seasonally, both nss-SO42- and nitrate (NO3-) deposition had a significant decreasing trend in the summer but not in the winter. Similar patterns were found for Japan and Korea. Air trajectory models in combination with a regional emission map indicate that LRT from eastern China contributed up to 70% of the winter deposition of nss-SO42- and NO3- in Taiwan and up to 50% in Japan and Korea. The results indicate that LRT obscured the efficacy of local pollution control measures in East Asia and suggest that transboundary air pollution regulations are required to combat acid deposition.

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The Impact of Springtime‐Transported Air Pollutants on Local Air Quality With Satellite‐Constrained NO_x Emission Adjustments Over East Asia

Cited by 21 publications

References 86 publications

First Top-Down Diurnal Updates to NOx Emissions Inventory in Asia Informed by the Geostationary Environment Monitoring Spectrometer (GEMS) Tropospheric NO2 Columns

First Top-Down Diurnal Updates to NOx Emissions Inventory in Asia Informed by the Geostationary Environment Monitoring Spectrometer (GEMS) Tropospheric NO2 Columns

Satellite-based, top-down approach for the adjustment of aerosol precursor emissions over East Asia: The Geostationary Environment Monitoring Spectrometer (GEMS) data fusion product and its proxies

On the seasonality of long-range transport of acidic pollutants in East Asia

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The Impact of Springtime‐Transported Air Pollutants on Local Air Quality With Satellite‐Constrained NOx Emission Adjustments Over East Asia

Cited by 21 publications

References 86 publications

First Top-Down Diurnal Updates to NOx Emissions Inventory in Asia Informed by the Geostationary Environment Monitoring Spectrometer (GEMS) Tropospheric NO2 Columns

First Top-Down Diurnal Updates to NOx Emissions Inventory in Asia Informed by the Geostationary Environment Monitoring Spectrometer (GEMS) Tropospheric NO2 Columns

Satellite-based, top-down approach for the adjustment of aerosol precursor emissions over East Asia: The Geostationary Environment Monitoring Spectrometer (GEMS) data fusion product and its proxies

On the seasonality of long-range transport of acidic pollutants in East Asia

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The Impact of Springtime‐Transported Air Pollutants on Local Air Quality With Satellite‐Constrained NO_x Emission Adjustments Over East Asia