The Impact of Sleep on Fear Extinction

Bottary, Ryan; Straus, Laura D.; Pace‐Schott, Edward F.

doi:10.1007/7854_2023_431

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 110 publications

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“…Nonetheless, shortened REML and increased REMD have emerged as characteristics of PTSD in meta-analyses (Baglioni et al 2016;Kobayashi et al 2007;Zhang et al 2019). Our findings advance insight into the significance of these REM alterations and indicate that they are associated with impaired extinction memory, a mechanism that is considered central to the development of PTSD (Bottary et al 2023).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 54%

“…Fear extinction is not simply an erasure of fear but relies on new learning and memory. While the preponderance of studies does not show impaired extinction learning in PTSD (reviewed in (Bottary et al 2023; Pace-Schott et al 2023), accumulating evidence suggests that impaired retention of extinction memory, acquired after trauma exposure (Milad et al 2008), may be a critical mechanism that leads to PTSD (Helpman et al 2016; Milad et al 2008; Milad et al 2009; Milad and Quirk 2012; Shvil et al 2014; Suarez-Jimenez et al 2020; Wicking et al 2016). Sleep supports the consolidation of different types of memories, which stabilizes and integrates them, and enhances their retrieval (Klinzing et al 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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REM disruption and REM Vagal Activity Predict Extinction Recall in Trauma-Exposed Individuals

Yuksel,

Watford,

Muranaka

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Accumulating evidence suggests that rapid eye movement sleep (REM) supports the consolidation of extinction memory. REM is disrupted in PTSD, and REM abnormalities after traumatic events increase the risk of developing PTSD. Therefore, it was hypothesized that abnormal REM in trauma-exposed individuals may pave the way for PTSD by interfering with the processing of extinction memory. In addition, PTSD patients display reduced vagal activity. Vagal activity contributes to the strengthening of memories, including fear extinction memory, and recent studies show that the role of vagus in memory processing extends to memory consolidation during sleep. Therefore, it is plausible that reduced vagal activity during sleep in trauma-exposed individuals may be an additional mechanism that impairs extinction memory consolidation. However, to date, the contribution of sleep vagal activity to the consolidation of extinction memory or any emotional memory has not been investigated. To test these hypotheses, we examined the association of extinction memory with REM characteristics and REM vagal activity (indexed as high-frequency heart rate variability; HF-HRV) in a large sample of trauma-exposed individuals (n=113). Consistent with our hypotheses, REM sleep characteristics (increased REM density and shortened REM latency) were associated with poorer physiological and explicit extinction memory. Furthermore, higher HF-HRV during REM was associated with better explicit extinction memory. These findings support the notion that disrupted REM may contribute to PTSD by impairing the consolidation of extinction memory and indicate the potential utility of interventions that target REM sleep characteristics and REM vagal activity in fear-related disorders.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 54%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

REM disruption and REM Vagal Activity Predict Extinction Recall in Trauma-Exposed Individuals

Yuksel,

Watford,

Muranaka

et al. 2023

Preprint

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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The importance of REM sleep fragmentation in the effects of stress on sleep: Perspectives from preclinical studies

Grafe,

Miller,

Ross

et al. 2024

Neurobiology of Stress

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Crosstalk between the subiculum and sleep–wake regulation: A review

Rahimi,

Joyce,

Fenzl

et al. 2024

Journal of Sleep Research

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SummaryThe circuitry underlying the initiation, maintenance, and coordination of wakefulness, rapid eye movement sleep, and non‐rapid eye movement sleep is not thoroughly understood. Sleep is thought to arise due to decreased activity in the ascending reticular arousal system, which originates in the brainstem and awakens the thalamus and cortex during wakefulness. Despite the conventional association of sleep–wake states with hippocampal rhythms, the mutual influence of the hippocampal formation in regulating vigilance states has been largely neglected. Here, we focus on the subiculum, the main output region of the hippocampal formation. The subiculum, particulary the ventral part, sends extensive monosynaptic projections to crucial regions implicated in sleep–wake regulation, including the thalamus, lateral hypothalamus, tuberomammillary nucleus, basal forebrain, ventrolateral preoptic nucleus, ventrolateral tegmental area, and suprachiasmatic nucleus. Additionally, second‐order projections from the subiculum are received by the laterodorsal tegmental nucleus, locus coeruleus, and median raphe nucleus, suggesting the potential involvement of the subiculum in the regulation of the sleep–wake cycle. We also discuss alterations in the subiculum observed in individuals with sleep disorders and in sleep‐deprived mice, underscoring the significance of investigating neuronal communication between the subiculum and pathways promoting both sleep and wakefulness.

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The Impact of Sleep on Fear Extinction

Cited by 3 publications

References 110 publications

REM disruption and REM Vagal Activity Predict Extinction Recall in Trauma-Exposed Individuals

REM disruption and REM Vagal Activity Predict Extinction Recall in Trauma-Exposed Individuals

The importance of REM sleep fragmentation in the effects of stress on sleep: Perspectives from preclinical studies

Crosstalk between the subiculum and sleep–wake regulation: A review

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