The impact of sex and cannabis on clinical features in first–admitted patients with psychosis

Arranz, Sara; Mané, Anna; Bergé, Daniel; Monserrat, Clara; Cabezas, Ángel; Vilella, Elisabet

doi:10.1016/j.euroneuro.2020.03.003

Cited by 16 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 66 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…However, after controlling for other factors, the trend towards lower cannabis use during the pandemic disappeared. In our sample, as in other studies 40 , a significantly lower percentage of women used cannabis (44.3% vs. 74.5% in men; p < 0.001). Consequently, the lower rates of cannabis use in our full cohort during the pandemic could be attributed to the higher proportion of women in the sample.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Incidence rate and distinctive characteristics of first episode psychosis during the COVID-19 pandemic: a multicenter observational study

Casanovas

Trabsa

Bergé

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The COVID-19 pandemic has affected the mental health of people around the world. However, its impact on first-episode psychosis (FEP) remains unclear. The aim of this study was to determine the incidence rate (IR) and the clinical and sociodemographic characteristics of patients who developed FEP during the nine-month period following the COVID-19 outbreak in Spain and to compare these data to the corresponding period in the previous year. We included all patients (n = 220) treated for the first time during these two time periods at three FEP programs in Spain. The IR was 0.42/100,000 person-years during the pandemic vs. 0.54/100,000 in the prior year (p = 0.057). Compared to prior year, women accounted for a significantly higher proportion of FEP patients (46.3% vs. 28%; p = 0.005) during the COVID-19 period. This association was significant on the logistic regression analysis (odds ratio, female: 2.12 [confidence interval 1.17–3.82]; p = 0.014). These data reveal a non-significant trend towards a lower incidence of FEP during the pandemic period. Female sex was associated with a greater risk of developing FEP during the pandemic period, perhaps due to differences between males and females in the susceptibility and expression of psychosis. The findings of this study contribute to a better understanding of stress-related disorders.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Incidence rate and distinctive characteristics of first episode psychosis during the COVID-19 pandemic: a multicenter observational study

Casanovas

Trabsa

Bergé

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…41 A study conducted in Spain in patients with FEP also found users to be predominantly male who started cannabis use earlier in life. 42 A study conducted in Morocco also reported patients diagnosed with schizophrenia who were using cannabis were young, male, presented earlier in life and had poor adherence to medication. 43 Local findings have also been consistent, with cannabis users being more likely to be young and male.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of cannabis use in people with psychosis in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa

Mona

Ntlantsana²,

Tomita³

et al. 2022

South African Journal of Psychiatry

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: There is a high prevalence of cannabis use in patients with schizophrenia spectrum and other psychotic disorders, with comorbid cannabis use in this population being associated with poorer long-term outcomes.Aim: To determine the prevalence of cannabis use in patients with a schizophrenia spectrum and other psychotic disorders.Setting: The study was conducted at a psychiatric hospital in Durban, KwaZulu-Natal Province, South Africa.Methods: A review of clinical records of patients admitted to the hospital for the period, June 2018 to June 2020, was conducted.Results: A total of 370 clinical records were reviewed, of which 48.9% reported current and 51.1% lifetime cannabis use. Being male was significantly associated with current and lifetime cannabis use (OR = 4.90, 95% CI 2.49–9.62 and OR = 6.27, 95% CI 3.28–11.95, respectively). Current alcohol use was also associated with current cannabis use (CCU) (OR = 3.06, 95% CI 1.78–5.28), and age 45 years and older was associated with a lower odds of cannabis use (OR = 0.30, 95% CI 0.09–0.96). Forty-eight per cent of participants were admitted three or more times, and readmission was associated with cannabis use (p = 0.01). There was a lack of association between cannabis use, readmission and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) status, after controlling for variables such as alcohol use and gender.Conclusion: Almost 50% of people admitted with schizophrenia spectrum and other psychotic disorders have comorbid current and lifetime cannabis use. There is a need for dual diagnosis units to address comorbid substance use in people with psychotic disorders, as it leads to poorer outcomes.Contribution: The study found that there is a high prevalence of cannabis use in people with psychosis. Therefore, it is imperative that we revise treatment programs in our psychiatric units and there is an urgent need for dual diagnosis programs that address substance use in this group of patients.

show abstract

“…However, many studies into the association between cannabis and psychosis-related disorders did not report separate results for alcohol and tobacco. A number of these studies also did not report that they have controlled for tobacco use (Addington and Addington, 2007; Alemany et al, 2014; Arseneault et al, 2002; Auther et al, 2015; Brañas et al, 2016, 2017; Callaghan et al, 2012; Corcoran et al, 2008; Di Forti et al, 2014; Dragt et al, 2012; Ferdinand et al, 2005; Foti et al, 2010; Freeman et al, 2018; Grech et al, 2005; Harley et al, 2010; Houston et al, 2008; Konings et al, 2008, 2012; Kuepper et al, 2011; Levy and Weitzman, 2019; McGrath et al, 2010; Phillips et al, 2002; Ringen et al, 2016; Rognli et al, 2020; Schubart et al, 2011; Scott et al, 2009; Seddon et al, 2016; Skinner et al, 2011; Smith et al, 2009; Stefanis et al, 2004; Tien and Anthony, 1990; Tosato et al, 2013; Valmaggia et al, 2014; van Os et al, 2002; Verdoux et al, 2003; Vinkers et al, 2013; Wainberg et al, 2021; Weiser et al, 2002), while others did explicitly apply such controls, but did not report odds or risk ratios for tobacco (Arranz et al, 2020; Baeza et al, 2009; Bechtold et al, 2016; Binbay et al 2012; Di Forti et al, 2009; D’Souza et al, 2020; Fergusson et al, 2003, 2005; Fonseca-Pedrero et al, 2020; Henquet et al, 2005; Hides et al, 2009;…”

Section: Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative harms assessments for cannabis, alcohol, and tobacco: Risk for psychosis, cognitive impairment, and traffic accident

Johnstad

2022

Drug Science, Policy and Law

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Researchers have associated cannabis use with risk for psychosis, cognitive impairment, and traffic accident. However, this review shows that the association between moderate cannabis use and psychosis is no stronger, and often considerably weaker, than the corresponding association for moderate tobacco use. The same holds for associations with cognitive impairment. For the risk of traffic accident, the review confirms that the risk from alcohol use is substantially stronger than the risk from cannabis use, while the corresponding risk from tobacco use appears to be almost as strong as that from cannabis use. It thus appears that the risk for psychosis, cognitive impairment, and traffic accident associated with cannabis use is generally comparable to that from tobacco use. The article discusses different interpretations of these comparative harms assessments and presents two points of methodological critique to argue that the risks associated with cannabis and other generally criminalized drugs are probably exaggerated. First, any measurement of harms associated with high escapist activities such as drug abuse will be affected by the general dysfunction associated with the underlying reason why a person settles for frequent escapism. From this perspective, cannabis and tobacco use disorder are probably both associated with underlying problems and life issues that are, in and of themselves, associated with psychopathology, and researchers should be careful not to conflate the selection effect from belonging to the population segment that opts for high escapist lifestyles with any (putative) harmful effect from drug use itself. Second, criminalization probably shifts the composition of the user population in the direction of more dysfunctional users. From this perspective, the association between substance use disorder and underlying problems and life issues is stronger for criminalized substances, since people who live troubled lives are less likely to be deterred by the prospect of legal problems.

show abstract

The impact of sex and cannabis on clinical features in first–admitted patients with psychosis

Cited by 16 publications

References 66 publications

Incidence rate and distinctive characteristics of first episode psychosis during the COVID-19 pandemic: a multicenter observational study

Incidence rate and distinctive characteristics of first episode psychosis during the COVID-19 pandemic: a multicenter observational study

Prevalence of cannabis use in people with psychosis in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa

Comparative harms assessments for cannabis, alcohol, and tobacco: Risk for psychosis, cognitive impairment, and traffic accident

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About