The impact of ride hailing on parking (and vice versa)

Abstract

Investigating emerging transportation services is critical to forecasting mode choice and providing appropriate infrastructure. One such infrastructure is parking, as parking demand may shift with the availability of ride-hailing services. This study uses ethnographic methods—complemented with passenger surveys collected when driving for Uber and Lyft in the Denver, Colorado, region—to gather quantitative and qualitative data on ride-hailing and analyze the impacts of ride-hailing on parking, including changes in parking demand and parking as a reason to deter driving. The study also examines relationships between parking time and cost. This includes building a classification tree-based model to predict the replaced driving trips as a function of car ownership, destination land type, parking stress, and demographics. 
 
 The results suggest that: i) ride-hailing is replacing driving trips and could reduce parking demand, particularly at land uses such as airports, event venues, restaurants, and bars; ii) parking stress is a key reason respondents chose not to drive; and iii) respondents are generally willing to pay more for reduced parking time and distance. Conversely, parking supply, time, and cost can all influence travel behavior and ride-hailing use. This study provides insight into potential benefits and disadvantages of ride-hailing as related to parking.

An examination of the effects of ride-hailing services on airport parking demand

“…As such TNC services are increasingly gaining popularity over driving to the airports. Similar trend is observed in non-airport destinations as wellespecially where parking is perceived as a concern (Clewlow andMishra 2017, Henao andMarshall 2019). It is also documented that frequent long distance travellers especially those who fly a lot for leisurealso use the ride-hailing services more compared to others, indicating the popularity of this innovative mobility service for airport access (Alemi et al 2019).…”

“…The same study suggests that 39% of the ride-hailing service users would have used private cars in the absence of these services and as such would have required some form of parking at origins and destinations, which is no longer required for ride-hailing trips. Henao and Marshall (2019) put this number at 26%. As individuals switch from personal cars to ride-hailing services, it is expected that there will be aggregate observable effects on parking demand or parking business as well.…”

Factors Influencing Willingness to Pool in Ride-Hailing Trips

“…However, few researchers have explored the factors that influence these shifts in behavior. For example, a mode shift from driving to ride-hailing was found to be heavily dependent on alcohol consumption, parking costs (at places such as airports), and parking availability in dense areas ( 11 , 24 ).…”

Integrating Supply and Demand Perspectives for a Large-Scale Simulation of Shared Autonomous Vehicles

“…Across scenarios A and B, the eVMT as a percentage of VMT stayed around 40%, with the exception of the base scenario. In the present-day context, TNC vehicles serving trips across the region were found to have about 41% eVMT by ( 41 ). As the repositioning strategy resembles the current TNC operation (with driver/vehicle driving to high demand areas without a central coordination), results in this study were close.…”