The impact of Ramadan fasting on the metabolic syndrome severity in relation to ethnicity and sex: Results of a systematic review and meta-analysis

Jahrami, Haitham; Trabelsi, Khaled; Alhaj, Omar A.; Saif, Zahra; Pandi-Perumal, Seithikurippu R.; BaHammam, Ahmed S.

doi:10.1016/j.numecd.2022.09.001

Cited by 14 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 96 publications

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“…Several reviews have assessed the impact of RDIF on metabolic parameters with variable results. Jahrami et al 49 suggested that RDIF decreased TG and increased HDL‐C. Another review concurred with an improvement in lipoprotein parameters, particularly HDL‐C 50 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 83%

“…46 Several reviews have assessed the impact of RDIF on metabolic parameters with variable results. Jahrami et al 49 suggested that RDIF decreased TG and increased HDL-C. Another review concurred with an improvement in lipoprotein parameters, particularly HDL-C. 50 Two reviews stated that definitive answers were lacking on the impact of RDIF on glucometabolic and lipoprotein markers. 47,51 Overall, RDIF causes reductions in weight, fat mass and BMI.…”

Section: Ramadanmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Metabolic changes with intermittent fasting

Lange,

Coffey,

Coleman

et al. 2024

J Human Nutrition Diet

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BackgroundThe prevalence of obesity is rising globally and effective strategies to treat obesity are needed. Intermittent fasting, a dietary intervention for weight management, has received growing interest from the general public, as well as healthcare professionals, as a form of lifestyle intervention.MethodsWe executed a rapid review using PUBMED database to identify systematic reviews which examined the impact of intermittent fasting on metabolic indices, published between 2011 and 2022.ResultsIntermittent fasting leads to weight loss of a similar magnitude to continuous energy restriction. Most of the evidence shows that intermittent fasting leads to greater fat loss as measured by fat mass (kg) or body fat percentage when compared with ad libitum diet, but fat loss attained during intermittent fasting is not significantly different to continuous energy restriction although recent evidence shows intermittent fasting to be superior. There is mixed evidence for the impact of intermittent fasting on insulin resistance, fasting glucose and lipid profile. Some studies focused on populations of Muslim people, which showed that Ramadan fasting may lead to weight loss and improvement of metabolic parameters during fasting, but the effects are reversed when fasting is finished.SummaryIntermittent fasting is more effective than an ad libitum dietary intake, and equally or more effective as continuous energy restriction, for weight management. However, there is inconclusive evidence on whether intermittent fasting has a clinically beneficial effect on glucose and lipid metabolism.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 83%

Section: Ramadanmentioning

confidence: 98%

Metabolic changes with intermittent fasting

Lange,

Coffey,

Coleman

et al. 2024

J Human Nutrition Diet

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“…Studies on metabolism and endocrinology included metabolic syndrome (MetS) and obesity, 14 15 16 17 thyroid disease, 18 19 20 21 and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). 22…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The changes in various components of MetS were examined in healthy adults who observed RF before Ramadan (T1) and at the end of RF (T2). 14 A secondary goal was to assess the impact of RF on MetS severity in various ethnic and sex groups using the MetS z-score. Seven databases were searched for relevant studies published up to March 2022.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of the Literature on Ramadan Fasting and Health in 2022

Hafidh

Khan

Shaikh

et al. 2023

Ibnosina Journal of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences

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Objectives The literature on health and disease during Ramadan fasting (RF) is widely spread in many journals making it not readily accessible to those interested in the subject. Here, we provide an overview of the research on the interplay of RF with various aspects of well-being published in 2022. Materials and Methods A narrative, nonsystematic review of the international literature from a single major medical online database, PubMed, in one calendar year (2022) was conducted. The search term “Ramadan fasting” was used to retrieve the appropriate records. The relevant literature with substantial data-based content was presented in a concise thematic account, excluding those concerned with diabetes. Results Themes that emerged from the review included the pathophysiology of metabolic changes during RF, nutritional aspects including body composition and energy metabolism, cardiovascular disease and risk factors, renal function and structure, endocrinology (mainly thyroid), neurological disorders, mental health, pregnancy and fetal life, and infections (including COVID). Some miscellaneous clinical themes were identified, such as patients' and professional perspectives. Conclusions In 2022, the medical interest in RF was again widely spread across specialties. Cardiovascular disease and risk factors attract the most interest in terms of original articles and professional guidelines. We hope with this review to present a concise summary of the scholarly work on the subject in this year.

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“…1 As a model of intermittent fasting, Ramadan has been linked with possible positive effects on components of the metabolic syndrome such as reduced waist circumference, systolic blood pressure, fasting serum glucose, serum lipid profile and insulin sensitivity. 2,3 One additional effect might involve a decrease of pro-inflammatory cytokines. 4 Scarce information, however, is available on the effects of Ramadan intermittent fasting (RIF) on physiologic gastrointestinal motility and symptoms.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ramadan intermittent fasting reduces visceral fat and improves gastrointestinal motility

Abdallah,

Khalil,

Farella

et al. 2023

Eur J Clin Investigation

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BackgroundRamadan is a model of intermittent fasting linked with possible beneficial effects. Scarce information, however, is available about the combined effects of Ramadan intermittent fasting (RIF) on anthropometric and metabolic indices, gastrointestinal symptoms, and motility.MethodsIn 21 healthy Muslims, we assessed the impact of RIF on caloric intake, physical activity, gastrointestinal symptoms and motility (gastric/gallbladder emptying by ultrasonography, orocaecal transit time by lactulose breath test), anthropometric indices, subcutaneous and visceral fat thickness (ultrasonography), glucose and lipid homeostasis.ResultsMean caloric intake decreased from a median of 2069 kcal (range 1677–2641) before Ramadan to 1798 kcal (1289–3126) during Ramadan and increased again to 2000 kcal (1309–3485) after Ramadan. Although physical activity remained stable before, during, and after RIF, body weight, body mass index and waist circumference decreased in all subjects and in both genders, together with a significant decrease in subcutaneous and visceral fat thickness and insulin resistance. The postprandial gastric emptying speed was significantly faster after than before RIF. Fasting gallbladder volume was about 6% smaller after, than before Ramadan, with a stronger and faster postprandial gallbladder contraction. After RIF, lactulose breath test documented increased microbiota carbohydrate fermentation (postprandial H2 peak), and faster orocaecal transit time. RIF also significantly improved gastric fullness, epigastric pain and heartburn.ConclusionsRIF generates, in healthy subjects, multiple systemic beneficial effects in terms of fat burden, metabolic profile, gastrointestinal motility and symptoms. Further comprehensive studies should assess the potential beneficial effects of RIF in diseased people.

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The impact of Ramadan fasting on the metabolic syndrome severity in relation to ethnicity and sex: Results of a systematic review and meta-analysis

Cited by 14 publications

References 96 publications

Metabolic changes with intermittent fasting

Metabolic changes with intermittent fasting

Review of the Literature on Ramadan Fasting and Health in 2022

Ramadan intermittent fasting reduces visceral fat and improves gastrointestinal motility

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